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4-Chloronitrobenzene

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H4ClNO2
CAS number
100-00-5
IUPAC name
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene
State
State

At room temperature, 4-Chloronitrobenzene is a solid, specifically presented in crystalline form. It remains solid under normal conditions and requires heating to transition into a liquid state.

Melting point (Celsius)
82.50
Melting point (Kelvin)
355.60
Boiling point (Celsius)
236.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
509.00
General information
Molecular weight
157.56g/mol
Molar mass
157.5560g/mol
Density
1.6030g/cm3
Appearence

4-Chloronitrobenzene typically appears as a pale yellow crystalline solid. It is essential to handle this compound with care, as it is a nitroaromatic compound, which can be hazardous.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene

1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene, a complex organic compound, presents interesting characteristics when it comes to solubility. Generally, its solubility can be influenced by several factors including polarity, temperature, and the solvents used.

Solubility Characteristics:

  • Polarity: This compound has a significant degree of polarity due to the presence of the nitro group (-NO2) and chlorine atom (Cl). As a result, it tends to be more soluble in polar solvents such as ethanol or acetone.
  • Insolubility in Water: Despite its polar characteristics, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene is generally considered insoluble in water due to its substantial hydrophobic (nonpolar) aromatic rings, which do not interact favorably with water molecules.
  • Temperature Effect: The solubility of this compound can increase with temperature. Generally, higher temperatures can promote greater solubility in organic solvents, allowing for better dissolution rates.

In summary, while 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene shows some promise for solubility in polar organic solvents, it remains insoluble in aqueous environments. Therefore, it is essential to consider the choice of solvent based on its structural attributes when conducting experiments involving this compound.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene

1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene, often referred to in scientific circles as a member of the nitroaromatic compound family, is a fascinating chemical of substantial interest for both its structural characteristics and its applications. Here are some captivating insights:

  • Structure and Stability: This compound features a distinctive arrangement of a nitro group and a chlorophenyl moiety, which allows it to exhibit exceptional stability under various conditions. The presence of the electron-withdrawing −NO2 group plays a significant role in its reactivity.
  • Applications in Synthesis: It serves as an important intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and pharmaceuticals, making it a vital compound in organic synthesis. Chemists have utilized this structure to create a range of biologically active molecules.
  • Research Significance: Studies of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene have provided insights into the reactivity of nitro groups in electrophilic aromatic substitutions, enhancing our understanding of organic reaction mechanisms.
  • Environmental Relevance: As a nitroaromatic compound, it is noteworthy in environmental studies; its persistence in the environment raises concerns about bioaccumulation and toxicity, prompting research into effective degradation methods.
  • Toxicity and Safety: Precautions are essential when handling this compound, as substances in the nitroaromatic category can pose significant health risks. Safety guidelines often emphasize the importance of appropriate protective gear and proper laboratory practices.

In the words of famous chemist Linus Pauling, "Chemistry is the study of harmony." Understanding compounds like 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitro-benzene not only enriches our knowledge of chemical interactions but also enhances our capabilities in developing new materials and pharmaceuticals.

As we delve deeper into the world of organic chemistry, this compound serves as a reminder of the intricate connections between chemical structure, reactivity, and practical application.

Synonyms
4-Chloro-4'-nitro-1,1'-biphenyl
6242-97-3
1-Chloro-4-(4-nitrophenyl)benzene
4-Chloro-4'-nitrobiphenyl
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-nitrobenzene
BIPHENYL, 4-CHLORO-4'-NITRO-
BRN 1964356
1,1'-Biphenyl, 4-chloro-4'-nitro-
4'-Chloro-4-nitro-biphenyl
4-05-00-01825 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
SCHEMBL2333608
4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-nitrobenzene
DTXSID00211472
HKWAORHMKKVNIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
MFCD01740386
AKOS015999101
BS-29149
CS-0210751