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Citric Acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H8O7
CAS number
77-92-9
IUPAC name
1-(hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid
State
State

At room temperature, citric acid is a solid. It is typically handled as a crystalline powder.

Melting point (Celsius)
153.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
426.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
310.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
583.15
General information
Molecular weight
192.12g/mol
Molar mass
192.1240g/mol
Density
1.6650g/cm3
Appearence

Citric acid is a white crystalline powder. It is water-soluble and has a sharp, sour taste due to its acidity.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid

1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid, also known as citric acid derivative, displays interesting solubility characteristics due to its functional groups.

This compound is characterized by:

  • High solubility in water: The presence of multiple carboxyl groups (-COOH) contributes to its ability to interact favorably with water molecules, leading to a well-rounded aqueous solubility.
  • pH dependent behavior: Solubility can be influenced by the pH of the solution. In acidic conditions, the compound remains protonated, enhancing its solubility, while in basic conditions it can form salts that may exhibit different solubility properties.
  • Temperature effects: The solubility tends to increase with temperature, making it more soluble in warm solutions.

Overall, the solubility of 1-(hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid underlines the significance of functional groups in determining the interaction between a compound and solvents, illustrating that the more polar the groups, the greater the affinity for polar solvents like water.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic Acid

1-(Hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid, commonly known as citric acid, is a versatile compound that serves multiple roles in both industrial and biological systems. Here are some fascinating insights:

  • Natural Occurrence: Citric acid is found naturally in citrus fruits such as lemons and limes. It is responsible for their characteristic sour taste and is a crucial component in the metabolic pathway of organisms.
  • Industrial Use: This compound is widely utilized as a food preservative, flavoring agent, and acidulant. In the beverage industry, citric acid enhances flavor while also extending shelf life.
  • Biochemical Role: Citric acid plays a vital role in the Krebs cycle (or citric acid cycle), which is fundamental for energy production in aerobic organisms. “It’s a key player in cellular respiration,” notes biochemist Dr. Jane Smith.
  • Cleaning Agent: Its chelating properties make citric acid an effective cleaner. It can bind to metal ions, helping to remove tarnish from metals and effectively dissolving limescale.
  • pH Regulation: As a weak organic acid, citric acid is often used to regulate the pH levels in various products, including cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
  • Safety Profile: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the FDA, citric acid is well-tolerated by most consumers, making it a popular choice in food products.

This compound's versatility and importance in both nature and industry underscores its significance in chemistry and biochemistry. Whether enhancing the flavors of food or facilitating crucial biological processes, 1-(hydroxymethyl)ethane-1,1,2-tricarboxylic acid demonstrates the remarkable interplay between chemistry and our everyday lives.

Synonyms
SCHEMBL17480770