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1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene

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Identification
Molecular formula
C10H5N3O6
CAS number
602-07-9
IUPAC name
1,3,5-trinitronaphthalene
State
State

At room temperature, 1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene is a solid. It is stable under normal conditions but should be handled with care due to its explosive nature, similar to other nitroaromatic compounds.

Melting point (Celsius)
207.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
480.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
330.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
603.15
General information
Molecular weight
273.16g/mol
Molar mass
273.1960g/mol
Density
1.6510g/cm3
Appearence

1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene appears as a pale yellow crystalline powder. It is a solid at room temperature and is known for its energetic properties due to the presence of nitro groups.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene

1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene is a complex organic compound, and its solubility characteristics are quite intriguing. Generally, this compound exhibits limited solubility in polar solvents but shows relatively better solubility in non-polar organic solvents such as:

  • Benzene
  • Toluene
  • Xylene

Due to its nitro groups, which are strong electron-withdrawing groups, 1,3,5-trinitronaphthalene does not readily dissolve in water. In fact, it has been noted that:

"The presence of multiple nitro groups not only influences the compound's polarity but also enhances its stability and reduces solubility in aqueous solutions."

In practical applications, this behavior means that in fields such as explosives and dye formulations, careful consideration is given to the choice of solvents when working with this compound. Understanding its solubility is crucial for effective handling and application, particularly in optimising performance in various formulations.

In summary, 1,3,5-trinitronaphthalene is:

  • Insoluble in water
  • Slightly soluble in polar organic solvents
  • More soluble in non-polar organic solvents
Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene

1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene (often abbreviated as TNN) is a fascinating compound that captivates the interest of chemists and researchers alike due to its unique structure and properties. Here are some intriguing points about this compound:

  • Structure & Composition: TNN features three nitro groups (–NO2) attached to different positions of the naphthalene ring system, which is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon made up of two fused benzene rings. This configuration lends the compound its distinct chemical behavior and reactivity.
  • High Explosiveness: TNN is classified as a powerful explosive substance. Its nitro groups contribute to a high level of energy release upon decomposition, making it a subject of study for applications in explosives and propellants.
  • Applications: Beyond its explosive properties, TNN has potential uses in the field of analytical chemistry as a reagent in various chemical reactions. This includes applications in organic synthesis and materials science where its unique properties can be harnessed.
  • Health & Safety: Like many nitro compounds, TNN may pose health risks due to its toxicity and potential environmental impact. Therefore, handling and disposal require strict safety measures to minimize exposure to humans and ecosystems.
  • Historical Significance: The study of nitro compounds, including TNN, dates back to the early days of chemistry. The compound has been instrumental in deepening our understanding of chemical reactivity, stability, and the effects of substituents on aromatic systems.

Overall, 1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene serves as an excellent example of how subtle changes in molecular structure can lead to significant alterations in properties and applications. Chemists continue to explore its potential, ensuring that compounds like TNN remain relevant in both theoretical and practical aspects of chemistry.

Synonyms
NAPHTHALENE, 1,3,5-TRINITRO-
2243-94-9
1,3,5-trinitronaphthalene
1,3,5-Trinitronaphthalene [Forbidden]
SCHEMBL9119541
DTXSID9075296
NS00124220