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Cortisol

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Identification
Molecular formula
C21H30O5
CAS number
50-23-7
IUPAC name
(17R)-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
State
State
At room temperature, cortisol is a solid, typically in a crystalline powder form.
Melting point (Celsius)
210.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
483.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
217.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
490.15
General information
Molecular weight
362.46g/mol
Molar mass
362.4600g/mol
Density
1.3300g/cm3
Appearence
Cortisol typically appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is odorless and is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air.
Comment on solubility

Solubility of (17R)-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one

The solubility of (17R)-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one can be described by several key factors:

  • Polarity: The presence of multiple hydroxyl groups tends to enhance solubility in polar solvents, such as water. However, the overall structure of the compound includes a significant hydrophobic portion.
  • Temperature Dependence: Solubility may increase with temperature, as is common with many organic compounds; heating often facilitates greater dissolution.
  • Solvent Interaction: This compound may show varying solubility in organic solvents. For instance, its solubility could be higher in alcohols and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) compared to non-polar solvents.

It is important to note that quoted studies have shown that compounds with a complex structure like this often exhibit variable solubility in different media, making empirical assessment essential. Thus, experimental solubility data should always be referenced when analyzing this compound’s behavior in various chemical environments.

Interesting facts

Exploring (17R)-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one

This fascinating compound belongs to a class of organic molecules known as steroids, which are characterized by their four fused carbon rings. Steroids play a crucial role in various biological systems, serving important functions in the human body, including:

  • Hormonal regulation
  • Cell membrane structure
  • Metabolism

The compound features multiple functional groups, including hydroxyl groups, which can significantly alter its reactivity and biological activity. These functional groups allow for interactions with various enzymes and receptors in the body, potentially influencing numerous physiological processes.

Key Features

  • Hydroxyl Groups: The presence of the dihydroxy groups can enhance solubility in biological systems, providing increased accessibility to cellular targets.
  • Dimethyl Groups: These methyl substitutions can affect the compound's steric configuration, governing its interaction with biological macromolecules.
  • Cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene Ring System: This unique structure is not only pivotal for the compound's identity but also hints at its potential bioactivity.

Interestingly, compounds with similar structures have been studied for their potential therapeutic applications. Notable research into steroid derivatives has underlined their role in:

  • Anti-inflammatory processes
  • Regulation of metabolism
  • Cell signaling pathways

As we delve deeper into the world of such complex compounds, it is essential for us as scientists to continue exploring their biochemical properties, therapeutic potentials, and implications in medicinal chemistry. This compound exemplifies how intricate molecular architecture can pave the way for breakthrough discoveries in health and disease management.