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Cystine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H12N2O4S2
CAS number
56-89-3
IUPAC name
2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, cystine is typically a solid.

Melting point (Celsius)
240.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
513.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
290.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
563.15
General information
Molecular weight
240.30g/mol
Molar mass
240.3040g/mol
Density
1.6800g/cm3
Appearence

Cystine appears as a crystalline powder that can range in color from white to off-white or pale yellow.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid

2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid, with its complex structure, exhibits a unique solubility behavior that is of interest to chemists. The presence of both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups contributes to the compound's solubility characteristics.

Factors Influencing Solubility

When considering solubility, several factors come into play:

  • Polarity: The amino groups and carboxylic acids are polar, indicating a higher likelihood of solubility in polar solvents, such as water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The ability to form hydrogen bonds with water enhances solubility.
  • Molecular Size: Larger molecular size can hinder solubility to some extent, but the presence of multiple functional groups may offset this effect.

As a result, this compound is expected to be soluble in water due to its polar nature. Additionally, when dissolved, it may contribute to distinct biochemical interactions, potentially affecting its behavior in biological systems. However, it is worth noting that while this compound can dissolve in aqueous environments, solubility can be influenced by factors such as pH and temperature:

  • At lower pH levels: Increased solubility is likely due to protonation of amino groups.
  • At higher temperatures: Solubility may also increase, following general trends known in many organic compounds.

In summary, the solubility of 2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid reflects its intricate molecular structure and functional groups, making it primarily soluble in polar solvents like water while being influenced by various environmental conditions.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic Acid

2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid, commonly referred to as a derivative of cysteine, is a fascinating compound with several noteworthy properties and applications in biochemistry.

Chemical Significance

  • Structure: This compound features a unique disulfide bond, which is crucial in maintaining protein structure and function. Disulfide bonds can form cross-links between amino acid residues, providing stability to the protein's three-dimensional structure.
  • Biological Role: It is a derivative of cysteine, an amino acid known for its participation in various biological processes including protein synthesis and metabolism.
  • Antioxidant Properties: Compounds like this are involved in antioxidant defenses, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals.

Potential Applications

  • Research in Drug Development: Its unique structure and functional groups make it a target for the synthesis of novel pharmaceuticals, especially in treatments involving oxidative stress and inflammation.
  • Nutritional Supplements: Given its amino acid composition, it holds potential as a dietary supplement that supports muscle function and recovery, particularly in athletes.
  • Biotechnology: Its role in the formation of disulfide bonds is critical in the production of recombinant proteins, which are essential in many biotechnological applications.

In summary, 2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxy-propyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid is not just a simple amino acid derivative, but a compound with diverse implications in health, medicine, and biotechnology. As research continues, its significance in both theoretical and applied chemistry is poised to expand.

Synonyms
DL-Homocystine
462-10-2
HOMOCYSTINE
870-93-9
4,4'-disulfanediylbis(2-aminobutanoic acid)
4,4'-Dithiobis(2-aminobutyric acid)
2-amino-4-[(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid
CHEBI:17485
EINECS 207-323-8
MFCD00063095
Butanoic acid, 4,4'-dithiobis[2-amino-
L-HoMocystine-d8
NSC11337
NSC226570
4,4'-dithiobis[2-aminobutyric] acid
4,4'-Dithiobis(2-aminobutyric) acid
4,4'-Dithiobis[2-aminobutyric acid]
Butyric acid, 4,4'-dithiobis(2-amino-
Butanoic acid, 4,4'-dithiobis(2-amino-
Butanoic acid, 4,4'-dithiobis(2-amino)-
MFCD00069587
4,4'-disulfanediylbis(2-ammoniobutanoate)
C8H16N2O4S2
Butyric acid,4'-dithiobis[2-amino-
Butanoic acid,4'-dithiobis[2-amino-
NSC 11337
NSC 226570
homocystin
MFCD00020391
(RS)-Homocystine
4,4'-Dithiobis
S-(((R)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)thio)-L-homocysteine
SCHEMBL224295
CHEMBL212056
DTXSID90861945
HY-W009390A
NSC43122
MSK170727
NSC206271
AKOS009157442
DS-9173
FH40820
SY026490
SY112616
4,4'-disulfanediylbis(2-aminobutanoicacid)
Butyric acid,4'-dithiobis[2-amino-, DL-
CS-0031479
H0160
meso-4,4'-Dithio-bis(2-aminobutanoic acid)
NS00014871
NS00074174
EN300-52797
Butyric acid, 4,4'-dithiobis(2-amino-(8CI)
C20788
Butanoic acid, 4,4'-dithiobis(2-amino-(9CI)
4 pound not4'-Disulfanediylbis(2-aminobutanoic acid)
Q58879461
Z759968104
3C9F56DF-A143-4F06-81E2-50796E255EEB
Butanoic acid,4'-dithiobis[2-amino-, (R*,R*)-(.+-.)-
Butanoic acid, 4,4'-dithiobis(2-amino-, (R*,R*)-(.+-.)-
2-amino-4-[(3-amino-4-hydroxy-4-oxo-butyl)disulfanyl]butanoic acid
4,4 inverted exclamation mark -Disulfanediylbis(2-aminobutanoic Acid)