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Cysteamine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C2H7NS
CAS number
60-23-1
IUPAC name
2-aminoethanethiol;2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one
State
State

At room temperature, cysteamine generally exists as a solid. It is commonly prepared in its hydrochloride form, which is more stable and easier to handle.

Melting point (Celsius)
95.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
368.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
336.90
Boiling point (Kelvin)
610.05
General information
Molecular weight
77.15g/mol
Molar mass
77.1460g/mol
Density
1.1270g/cm3
Appearence

Cysteamine is typically found as a white or very pale yellow crystalline solid. Its crystalline structure can vary in size but generally appears as small granule-like formations.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-aminoethanethiol and 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one

The solubility of chemical compounds plays a crucial role in understanding their interactions in various environments. When it comes to the solubility of 2-aminoethanethiol and 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one, several interesting characteristics can be noted:

  • 2-aminoethanethiol is generally soluble in water due to the presence of its amino group (-NH2) that can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
  • The compound exhibits a moderate polarity, which aids in its ability to dissolve in polar solvents.
  • 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one, on the other hand, demonstrates a complex solubility profile that is influenced by its multiple hydroxyl groups (-OH).
  • These hydroxyl groups significantly enhance its solubility in polar solvents, making it quite soluble in water as well.

In summary, both compounds are soluble in water owing to the functional groups that allow for interactions with solvent molecules. Their solubility is further influenced by factors such as temperature and the presence of other solutes. It is essential to note that while the solubility in water is a defining aspect, their behavior in organic solvents may differ, showcasing the mechanism of solvation that governs their properties.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 2-aminoethanethiol and 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one

The compound 2-aminoethanethiol, also known as cysteamine, and its derivative 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one introduce an intriguing realm in the study of sulfur-containing organic compounds. Here are some fascinating insights:

  • Biological Significance: 2-aminoethanethiol plays a significant role in biological systems as a precursor to cysteine, an essential amino acid vital for protein synthesis and the production of antioxidants.
  • Therapeutic Uses: Cysteamine has been utilized in clinical settings for the treatment of cystinosis, a rare genetic disorder. It aids in reducing cystine accumulation in lysosomes, thereby improving renal function and reducing complications.
  • Functional Derivatives: The derivative compound, 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-furan-3-one, is known for its antioxidant properties, which can protect cells from oxidative damage. This property makes it of interest in the field of food science and nutraceuticals.
  • Flavor Compounds: Compounds containing sulfur, such as 2-aminoethanethiol, can contribute to unique flavors and aromas in various foods, making them important in culinary chemistry.
  • Applications in Synthesis: Both compounds have been studied for their potential in organic synthesis, especially in creating multifunctional materials due to their reactive thiol and hydroxyl groups.

In summary, the unique structural features and functional properties of both 2-aminoethanethiol and its derivative continue to inspire research and applications across multiple scientific disciplines. As the famous chemist Linus Pauling once stated, "The best way to have a good idea is to have a lot of ideas." This quote resonates well within the diverse possibilities of these compounds!