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2-Chlorobutane

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Identification
Molecular formula
C4H9Cl
CAS number
78-86-4
IUPAC name
2-chlorobutane
State
State

At room temperature, 2-Chlorobutane is a liquid. It remains in a liquid state above its melting point of -139°C until boiling at 68°C. This state allows it to be utilized effectively in various chemical synthesis and industrial applications.

Melting point (Celsius)
-139.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
134.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
68.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
341.15
General information
Molecular weight
92.57g/mol
Molar mass
92.5680g/mol
Density
0.8737g/cm3
Appearence

2-Chlorobutane is a colorless liquid that is relatively volatile. It has a characteristic sweet odor. It's typically transparent and may appear slightly off-color if impurities are present. As an organic compound, 2-Chlorobutane is less dense than water and may form a separate layer if mixed with aqueous solutions.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-Chlorobutane

2-Chlorobutane, with the molecular formula C4H9Cl, is an organic compound that exhibits interesting solubility characteristics. Its solubility in various solvents can be attributed to the balance of hydrophobic alkyl chain and the polar chlorine atom. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Polar Solvents: 2-Chlorobutane has limited solubility in highly polar solvents such as water. This is primarily due to its hydrophobic alkyl chain, which does not interact favorably with water molecules.
  • Non-Polar Solvents: It shows good solubility in non-polar solvents like hexane and benzene. This is because the non-polar solvents can effectively disrupt the interactions within the compound, allowing it to dissolve.
  • Moderate Solubility: In solvents with moderate polarity, such as ethanol or diethyl ether, 2-chlorobutane demonstrates moderate solubility, as the interactions between the chlorine and the solvent can compensate for its overall hydrocarbon character.
  • Temperature Influence: As with many organic compounds, solubility can increase with temperature, making heated solvents more effective for dissolving 2-chlorobutane.

In summary, the solubility of 2-chlorobutane may be summarized as follows: It is insoluble in water, soluble in non-polar solvents, and shows moderate solubility in polar organic solvents. This solubility profile highlights the compound's unique balance between its polar and non-polar characteristics, making it an interesting subject of study in organic chemistry.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 2-Chlorobutane

2-Chlorobutane is a fascinating compound within the world of organic chemistry, particularly known for its role as a halogenated hydrocarbon. Here are some intriguing facts about this compound:

  • Isomerism: 2-Chlorobutane is one of the several structural isomers of butyl chloride. Its specific structure makes it an interesting subject of study in stereochemistry, particularly concerning its chirality.
  • Applications: This compound is utilized in the synthesis of various organic molecules. It serves as a reagent in chemical reactions, and its derivatives are often employed in pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications.
  • Solvent Properties: 2-Chlorobutane can function as a solvent in several organic reactions, making it invaluable in laboratory settings for dissolving organic compounds, particularly non-polar substances.
  • Environmental Impact: Given its classification as a chlorinated hydrocarbon, 2-chlorobutane has environmental and health considerations. Understanding its behavior in the environment and its potential for bioaccumulation is crucial in both industrial and ecological contexts.
  • Safety Concerns: When handling this compound, it is important to observe safety precautions, as it may present health hazards associated with inhalation and skin contact. Appropriate safety gear is recommended.

As a student or enthusiast in chemistry, studying compounds like 2-chlorobutane expands your understanding of organic synthesis and helps in grasping the broader implications of halogenated compounds in both synthetic and environmental chemistry.

Synonyms
2-CHLOROBUTANE
78-86-4
sec-Butyl chloride
Butane, 2-chloro-
1-Methylpropyl chloride
2-Chloro-butane
(+/-)-2-Chlorobutane
EINECS 201-151-7
BRN 1718770
(r)-2-chlorobutane
CCRIS 9391
DTXSID9023966
UNII-AV999R2773
Sec-C4H9Cl
1-chloro-1-methylpropane
AV999R2773
DTXCID303966
SEC-BUTYL CHLORIDE [MI]
CHEBI:166855
EC 201-151-7
3-01-00-00277 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
2-CHLOROBUTANE, (+/-)-
UN 1127
SEC-BUTYL CHLORIDE DL-FORM [MI]
MFCD00000871
secButyl chloride
Butane, 2chloro
sec.-butyl chloride
1Methylpropyl chloride
2-Chlorobutane, >=99%
Butane, 2-chloro-, (R)-
CHEMBL346529
SEC-BUTYL CHLORIDE DL-FORM
AHA54077
Tox21_200404
Butane, 2-chloro-, (.+/-.)-
AKOS000119802
AKOS017278376
CAS-78-86-4
NCGC00248593-01
NCGC00257958-01
2-Chlorobutane, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
DB-021188
NS00001593
EN300-19789
2-Chlorobutane [UN1127] [Flammable liquid]
Q209347
201-151-7