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Crotononitrile

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Identification
Molecular formula
C4H5N
CAS number
4786-20-3
IUPAC name
but-2-enenitrile
State
State

At room temperature, Crotononitrile is in a liquid state.

Melting point (Celsius)
-76.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
197.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
120.50
Boiling point (Kelvin)
393.65
General information
Molecular weight
67.09g/mol
Molar mass
67.0910g/mol
Density
0.8105g/cm3
Appearence

Crotononitrile is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid. It tends to darken upon exposure to light and air, showing instability over prolonged exposure.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of But-2-enenitrile

But-2-enenitrile, also known by its IUPAC name 2-butenenitrile, exhibits interesting solubility properties that are important for its applications. This compound is a colorless liquid at room temperature, and its solubility can be characterized as follows:

  • Water Solubility: But-2-enenitrile is slightly soluble in water due to the presence of the nitrile group which can participate in hydrogen bonding, albeit weakly.
  • Organic Solvents: This compound is highly soluble in a variety of organic solvents, such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. This makes it useful for incorporation into various organic chemical reactions and processes.
  • Temperature Dependency: Like many organic compounds, the solubility of but-2-enenitrile may change with temperature; typically, increased temperatures lead to enhanced solubility in organic solvents.

Overall, the solubility characteristics of but-2-enenitrile are crucial for its practical use in chemical synthesis and industrial applications. Its combination of solubility in organic solvents and limited water solubility allows it to function effectively in diverse environments. Understanding these properties helps chemists to optimize conditions for reactions involving this compound.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About But-2-enenitrile

But-2-enenitrile, also known as 2-butenenitrile, belongs to the family of nitriles and is an organic compound primarily utilized in various chemical processes. This compound has several noteworthy characteristics and applications:

  • Industrial Applications: But-2-enenitrile is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Its utility in producing more complex chemical structures makes it invaluable in organic chemistry.
  • Polymerization: This compound can participate in polymerization reactions, leading to the formation of various polymers. Its double bond allows for the creation of versatile materials useful in manufacturing.
  • Precursor to Other Compounds: But-2-enenitrile serves as a precursor for synthesizing other important chemicals. It can be converted into amines, which are significant in drug design and development.
  • Reactivity: The presence of both a double bond and a nitrile group makes but-2-enenitrile highly reactive. This reactivity is exploited in organic synthesis, leading to diverse compound formations.
  • Environmental Considerations: As with many nitriles, environmental impact and toxicity levels should be evaluated during its use and disposal. This emphasizes the importance of safe handling procedures in industrial settings.

In conclusion, but-2-enenitrile's unique structure and reactivity contribute significantly to its role in synthetic chemistry. As summarized by a recent study, "the versatility of nitriles in organic synthesis cannot be overstated," underscoring their essential nature in academia and industry alike.

Synonyms
2-Butenenitrile
DTXSID0063604
1Cyanopropene
1Propenyl cyanide
betaMethylacrylonitrile
DTXCID6040587
but-2-enenitrile
AKOS025243186