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Crotonic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C4H6O2
CAS number
107-92-6
IUPAC name
but-2-enoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, crotonic acid is a solid. It easily sublimates when heated and can transition into other states under specific conditions depending on ambient temperature and pressure.

Melting point (Celsius)
72.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
345.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
185.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
458.15
General information
Molecular weight
86.09g/mol
Molar mass
86.0890g/mol
Density
1.0100g/cm3
Appearence

Crotonic acid appears as a white crystalline solid. It is typically found as prisms or needles when crystallized. It can also appear as a waxy solid under certain conditions.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of but-2-enoic acid

but-2-enoic acid, also known as crotonic acid, exhibits notable solubility characteristics that are interesting to explore. This compound has the following solubility traits:

  • Solubility in Water: but-2-enoic acid is moderately soluble in water, owing to its carboxylic acid functional group, which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
  • Solubility in Organic Solvents: It is quite soluble in a variety of organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform, facilitating its use in organic synthesis.
  • Effects of Temperature: Like many organic acids, the solubility of but-2-enoic acid tends to increase with temperature, making hot solvents more effective for dissolving this compound.
  • pH Impact: The solubility can also be influenced by the pH of the solution, as at lower pH levels, it exists predominantly in its protonated form, while at higher pH levels, it dissociates, potentially enhancing its solubility.

As a conclusion, the solubility of but-2-enoic acid is an important factor to consider in its applications and reactions. Understanding these solubility characteristics enables chemists to select appropriate solvents and conditions for reaction mechanisms effectively.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about But-2-enoic Acid

But-2-enoic acid, commonly known as crotonic acid, is a fascinating organic compound with a range of intriguing applications and characteristics. As a member of the carboxylic acid family, it has important implications in both synthetic chemistry and various industrial processes. Here are some engaging facts about this compound:

  • Versatile Reactivity: Crotonic acid can participate in numerous chemical reactions, making it a valuable building block in organic synthesis. Its double bond plays a crucial role in addition and polymerization reactions.
  • Natural Occurrence: This compound is found in trace amounts in various natural sources, including certain essential oils. Understanding its natural roles highlights its importance in biochemistry.
  • Application in Polymers: But-2-enoic acid is often used as a monomer in the production of polymers, such as polycrotonic acid. These polymers can demonstrate useful properties in medical and industrial applications.
  • pH Modifier: In laboratory settings, but-2-enoic acid can be used to adjust the pH of solutions, showcasing its utility beyond just a simple acid.
  • Taste and Smell: Although it is not typically encountered in its pure form, but-2-enoic acid contributes to flavor profiles in some food products, providing depth and complexity.

In summary, but-2-enoic acid exemplifies the intersection of organic chemistry and practical applications. Its relevance in both natural and synthetic contexts illustrates the compound's significant role in the advancement of chemical science. As **chemistry students** and **scientists**, exploring compounds like but-2-enoic acid offers insight into the dynamic behaviors of molecules and the endless possibilities of chemical transformations.

Synonyms
2-Butenoic acid
but-2-enoic acid
.alpha.-Crotonic acid
CH3CH=CHCOOH
Acrylic acid, 3-methyl-
DTXSID7027544
CHEBI:17217
Buta-1,2-diene-1,1-diol
113192-18-0
UN 2823
alpha-butenic acid
CHEMBL3185203
DTXSID70764783
LMFA01030925
AKOS028109915
NS00077147
Q27102269