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Propylene oxide

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Identification
Molecular formula
C3H6O
CAS number
75-56-9
IUPAC name
2-propyloxirane
State
State

Propylene oxide is typically a liquid at room temperature. It is known for its flammable nature and ability to evaporate easily into the air, which contributes to its volatility.

Melting point (Celsius)
-112.10
Melting point (Kelvin)
161.05
Boiling point (Celsius)
34.30
Boiling point (Kelvin)
307.45
General information
Molecular weight
58.08g/mol
Molar mass
58.0790g/mol
Density
0.8300g/cm3
Appearence

Propylene oxide is a colorless volatile liquid with a faint ether-like odor. It is commonly encountered as a liquid and is highly flammable. Due to its reactivity and volatility, it is usually handled with care in laboratory and industrial settings.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2-Propyloxirane

2-Propyloxirane, also known as propylene oxide, exhibits unique solubility characteristics due to its chemical structure. This compound is a cyclic ether and shows a moderate degree of solubility in various solvents.

Solubility Properties

  • Water: 2-Propyloxirane has a low to moderate water solubility, estimated at approximately 25 g/L at 20°C. This indicates that while it can dissolve in water, it is not highly soluble.
  • Organic Solvents: It is more soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, making it versatile in various applications.
  • Temperature Dependence: Solubility increases with temperature; thus, higher temperatures can enhance the dissolution of 2-propyloxirane in both water and organic solvents.

Overall, the solubility of 2-propyloxirane demonstrates that while it has limitations in aqueous environments, its compatibility with numerous organic substances expands its utility in chemical reactions and industrial applications. As with any compound, it is crucial to consider these solubility characteristics for safe handling and effective usage.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 2-Propyloxirane

2-Propyloxirane, commonly known as propylene oxide, is an intriguing compound that has garnered significant attention in both industrial applications and scientific research.

Key Characteristics

  • Versatile Intermediate: Propylene oxide is extensively used as a building block in the production of various chemicals, including antifreeze, plastics, and certain types of foams.
  • High Reactivity: Its epoxide structure makes it a highly reactive compound, allowing it to participate in a range of chemical reactions, particularly with nucleophiles.
  • Environmental Considerations: As a compound derived from fossil fuels, there are ongoing discussions in the scientific community regarding its environmental impact and safety protocols for handling.

Unique Properties

Being a member of the epoxide family, 2-propyloxirane is particularly notable for its ring-opening reactions. These reactions can occur with:

  • Water to form propylene glycol
  • Alcohols to produce various ethers
  • Amines to create amino alcohols

Applications in Industry

Here are some primary applications of 2-propyloxirane that underline its significance:

  • Manufacture of polyurethane foams, which are essential in various consumer products and insulation materials.
  • Used in the synthesis of biodegradable polymers, demonstrating its role in the development of more sustainable materials.
  • As a solvent and a component in the production of surfactants, helping to stabilize emulsions and foams.

Fun Fact

Did you know? Propylene oxide is often considered a "green" chemical due to its potential in producing less harmful byproducts and being derived from renewable resources in some synthesis pathways.

In summary, 2-propyloxirane stands as a compound with diverse applications and significant importance in both gray and green chemistry, making it a fascinating subject of study for students and professionals alike.

Synonyms
1,2-Epoxypentane
Oxirane, 2-propyl-
Pentylene oxide
EINECS 213-701-3
NSC 46349
BRN 0102422
DTXSID40883637
EC 213-701-3
5-17-01-00087 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
DTXCID701023147
syurnnnqifdvca-uhfffaoysa-n
1003-14-1
PROPYLOXIRANE
2-Propyloxirane
1-Pentene oxide
Oxirane, propyl-
Propylethylene oxide
Pentene 1,2-oxide
Pentane, 1,2-epoxy-
1,2-Pentylene Oxide
Pentane,2-epoxy-
2-Propyloxirane #
1,2-epoxy-pentane
MFCD00192124
Pentene-1,2-oxide
pentene - 1,2-oxide
1,2-Epoxypentane, 98%
NSC46349
NSC-46349
AKOS009156937
FE172341
DB-062180
E0822
NS00010146
D90574
EN300-119384