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Pentachlorophenol

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6HCl5O
CAS number
87-86-5
IUPAC name
2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol;phenylmercury
State
State

At room temperature, pentachlorophenol is usually a solid. It is often employed as a pesticide and preservative.

Melting point (Celsius)
191.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
464.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
309.70
Boiling point (Kelvin)
582.85
General information
Molecular weight
266.34g/mol
Molar mass
266.3370g/mol
Density
1.9780g/cm3
Appearence

Pentachlorophenol is typically a white crystalline solid that is often found in the form of a powder. It is known to take on a slightly yellow hue when impure. The crystalline appearance makes it distinct, and it can emit a phenolic odor, especially when in a damp environment.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorophenol;Phenylmercury

When discussing the solubility of 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol and phenylmercury, it is essential to consider the unique characteristics of these compounds:

  • 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorophenol: This compound is known to be relatively insoluble in water, primarily due to its highly chlorinated structure which increases hydrophobicity. It exhibits greater solubility in organic solvents such as methanol, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
  • Phenylmercury: This compound displays variable solubility, typically being more soluble in organic solvents compared to water. Its solubility can be affected by the specific form it takes, often being influenced by the ligand interactions present in the solution.

Overall, the solubility profiles of these two compounds underline their environmental persistence and toxicity considerations. Environmental conditions, such as pH and temperature, can further influence the solubility behavior, making it crucial for researchers and environmental chemists to assess these factors when evaluating the impact of such compounds.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorophenol and Phenylmercury

2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol is a fascinating compound known for its complex structure and utility in various applications. This compound combines multiple chlorine atoms with a phenol ring, resulting in a potent agent with distinct properties. Here are some interesting facts:

  • Historical Usage: Originally utilized as a pesticide and wood preservative, 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol has played a significant role in agricultural practices. However, its use has declined due to environmental concerns.
  • Environmental Impact: This compound is persistent in the environment, raising concerns about its toxicity. It can bioaccumulate in organisms, leading to potential harm in ecosystems.
  • Health Risks: Exposure to 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol has been linked to several health risks, including skin irritation and potential endocrine disruption. Researchers continue to study its long-term effects on human health.

Phenylmercury Basics

On the other hand, phenylmercury, a mercury organometallic compound, is known for its unique properties and toxicological profile. Here are key points about phenylmercury:

  • Applications: Primarily used in laboratory settings and various industrial applications, phenylmercury has been employed as a fungicide and antiseptic.
  • Toxicity Concerns: Like many mercury compounds, phenylmercury poses significant health risks, including potential neurological damage. The use of phenylmercury has been restricted in many countries due to its hazardous nature.
  • Complexity of Studies: Researchers investigating phenylmercury face challenges due to its toxic effects on both human health and the environment, prompting ongoing studies to understand its mechanisms of action and mitigate risks.

Both 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenol and phenylmercury serve as reminders of the intricate interplay between chemical utility and safety. These compounds highlight the necessity for careful consideration of chemical use, regulation, and environmental impact.