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Acetone cyanohydrin

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H9NO
CAS number
75-86-5
IUPAC name
2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile
State
State

At room temperature, acetone cyanohydrin is typically in a liquid state.

Melting point (Celsius)
-21.40
Melting point (Kelvin)
251.75
Boiling point (Celsius)
121.48
Boiling point (Kelvin)
394.63
General information
Molecular weight
85.12g/mol
Molar mass
85.1200g/mol
Density
0.9325g/cm3
Appearence

Acetone cyanohydrin is a colorless to pale yellow liquid. It has a characteristic mild acrid odor.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile (C5H9NO)

The solubility of 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile in different solvents is an interesting aspect of this compound's chemistry. Generally, its solubility can vary due to several factors:

  • Polarity: Given the presence of hydroxyl groups (-OH) and a nitrile group (-C≡N), the compound exhibits polarity, which usually enhances its solubility in polar solvents like water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The hydroxyl groups facilitate hydrogen bonding, allowing the compound to dissolve better in water and alcohols compared to non-polar solvents.
  • Solvent Interaction: In solvents with similar polar characteristics, such as methanol or ethanol, the solubility is expected to be significantly greater than in non-polar solvents such as hexane.

Moreover, solubility is influenced by temperature; typically, an increase in temperature results in an increase in solubility for most compounds. As a rule of thumb, "like dissolves like," meaning that the solubility of 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile will be better in polar environments.

In conclusion, while specific quantitative solubility data might be limited, one can anticipate that the unique structural features of this compound will lead to significant solubility in polar solvents, especially those capable of hydrogen bonding. Experimentation and further studies can provide precise solubility values across different conditions.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile

2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile is a fascinating compound that showcases the intriguing world of organic chemistry. Here are some noteworthy facts about this compound:

  • Functional Groups: This molecule contains both hydroxy (-OH) and nitrile (-C≡N) functional groups, making it an excellent example of how diverse and versatile organic compounds can be. The presence of these functional groups suggests potential reactivity that could be harnessed in various chemical reactions.
  • Stereochemistry: The compound's structure allows for different stereoisomers due to its chiral centers. This characteristic is vital in the field of medicinal chemistry, as different isomers can exhibit vastly different biological activities.
  • Applications: Compounds with similar structural features are often investigated in the pharmaceutical industry for their potential therapeutic effects. Understanding how molecules like 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile interact with biological systems can shed light on new drug developments.
  • Insights into Synthesis: The synthesis of this compound may involve various chemical reactions, such as hydroxylation or cyanation processes. Studying these synthetic pathways not only enhances our knowledge of organic synthesis but also improves our understanding of reaction mechanisms.
  • Natural Occurrences: Interestingly, compounds with similar features may be found in nature, often contributing to the biological activity of plants and other organisms. Investigating natural products can lead to beneficial discoveries in medicinal chemistry.

In conclusion, 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-butanenitrile presents a wealth of opportunities for chemical exploration. As with many compounds, its unique structural characteristics open the door for potential applications in various fields, including pharmacology, biochemistry, and materials science.

Synonyms
2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanenitrile
2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyronitrile
BRN 1749818
Z8V8NFF32W
BUTYRONITRILE, 2,4-DIHYDROXY-3,3-DIMETHYL-
UNII-Z8V8NFF32W
Butanenitrile, 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-
DTXSID40907362
(R,S)-2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyronitrile
3-03-00-00868 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
HYDROXYPIVALDEHYDE CYANOHYDRIN
DTXCID401336452
10232-92-5
SCHEMBL1883065
d-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutyronitrile
Q27295155