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D-glucose

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H12O6
CAS number
50-99-7
IUPAC name
(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol
State
State

At room temperature, D-glucose exists as a solid, typically in its crystalline form.

Melting point (Celsius)
146.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
419.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
146.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
419.15
General information
Molecular weight
180.16g/mol
Molar mass
180.1560g/mol
Density
1.5400g/cm3
Appearence

D-glucose appears as a white crystalline solid with no odor. It is generally available as a powder or in crystalline form. When glucose is dissolved in water, it yields a clear, colorless solution.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol

The compound (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol is characterized by its polyalcohol structure, which typically influences its solubility in various solvents. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Water Solubility: Due to the presence of multiple hydroxyl (-OH) groups, this compound is expected to be highly soluble in water. The ability of hydroxyl groups to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules significantly enhances solubility.
  • Organic Solvents: While it is likely to have limited solubility in non-polar organic solvents (like hexane or benzene), it may dissolve better in more polar organic solvents (such as methanol or ethanol).
  • pH Influence: The solubility may also be influenced by the pH of the solution due to the potential for ionization of hydroxyl groups in certain conditions.

As a rule of thumb, compounds with a higher number of hydroxyl groups tend to exhibit greater solubility in water. This makes (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol a particularly good candidate for aqueous solutions. Thus, its solubility profile aligns with the properties of other polyalcohols.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol

This fascinating compound is a complex molecule that showcases the intricate nature of carbohydrate chemistry. Here are some noteworthy aspects:

  • Stereochemistry: The compound possesses multiple stereocenters, which contributes to its uniqueness and functionality. Stereochemistry plays a crucial role in how this compound interacts with biological systems and other chemicals.
  • Natural Occurrence: It is derived from naturally occurring sugars and can be identified in several biological systems, potentially serving important roles in metabolic pathways.
  • Biological Activity: Compounds with similar structures often exhibit significant biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making this compound of interest in pharmaceutical research.
  • Research Applications: Due to its complexity and rich functionality, researchers may study this compound in fields such as medicinal chemistry, organic synthesis, and biochemistry to unlock new therapeutic agents.
  • Metabolic Engineering: The biosynthesis of this compound can also be examined in metabolic engineering, leading to potential applications in bioprocessing and sustainable production of valuable chemicals.

Overall, this compound represents a perfect intersection of chemistry and biology, illustrating how molecular complexity can lead to diverse applications and fascinating biological implications.

Synonyms
lactulose
D-Lactulose
Bifiteral
Cephulac
Chronulac
Constilac
Lactulosa
Acilac
Cholac
Constulose
Isolactose
Lactulosum
Enulose
Generlac
Heptalac
Laevolac
Laxilose
Portalac
Kristalose
4618-18-2
Lactulosum [Latin]
Actilax
Lattulosio
Lactulosum [INN-Latin]
Lactulosa [INN-Spanish]
UNII-9U7D5QH5AE
Lactulose jp17
EINECS 225-027-7
4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-fructose
BRN 0093773
CHEBI:6359
4-galactosyl fructose
DTXSID5045833
4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose
NSC-757082
9U7D5QH5AE
DTXCID3025833
4-O-beta-D-Galattopiranosil-D-fruttofuranosio
4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-beta-D-fructofuranose
5-17-07-00214 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
Fructofuranose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-, D-
Lactulosum (Latin)
Lactulose [USAN:USP:INN:BAN:JAN]
NSC 757082
Lactulosum (INN-Latin)
Lactulosa (INN-Spanish)
Lactulose (USAN:USP:INN:BAN:JAN)
Lactulose Solution
A06AD11
Lactulose Solution USP, 10 g/15 mL
beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-fructose
225-027-7
lactulose (ep impurity)
lactulose (ep monograph)
lactulose (mart.)
lactulose (usp impurity)
Duphalac
58166-24-8
(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
9XH2P2N8EP
58166-25-9
Lactulosa [Spanish]
Lattulosio [Italian]
alpha-Lactulose
Cephulac (TN)
Lactulose, >95%
(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(((2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol
(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
CAS-4618-18-2
SR-05000002084
UNII-9XH2P2N8EP
BRN 6278818
4-beta-D-Galactosido-(1,4)-D-fructose
delta-Lactulose
D-Fructose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-
Chronulac (TN)
NCGC00094707-01
beta-D-Fructofuranose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-
4-O-beta-D-Galattopiranosil-D-fruttofuranosio [Italian]
Spectrum_000857
Spectrum2_001159
Spectrum3_000478
Spectrum4_000962
Spectrum5_000908
.ALPHA.-LACTULOSE
SCHEMBL18912
BSPBio_002216
KBioGR_001303
KBioSS_001337
DivK1c_000064
SPECTRUM1500363
SPBio_001117
Lactulose (JP18/USP/INN)
alpha-D-Fructofuranose, 4-o-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-
CHEMBL296306
HMS500D06
KBio1_000064
KBio2_001337
KBio2_003905
KBio2_006473
KBio3_001436
NINDS_000064
HMS1920J03
HMS2094G15
Pharmakon1600-01500363
Tox21_111318
BDBM50377984
CCG-39552
NSC757082
4-O-b-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-fructose
AKOS024283994
Tox21_111318_1
DB00581
IDI1_000064
NCGC00142624-01
NCGC00142624-02
NCGC00142624-03
NCGC00142624-05
2-[(3S,4S,2R,5R)-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyoxolan-3-yloxy](2S,4S,3R, 5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol
4-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl-D-Fructofuranose
4-O-beta-delta-Galactopyranosyl-delta-fructose
C07064
D00352
AB00052029_02
EN300-19791535
Q422689
4-O-beta-delta-galactopyranosyl-delta-Fructofuranose
SR-05000002084-1
SR-05000002084-4
BRD-K77258318-001-04-6
.ALPHA.-D-FRUCTOFURANOSE, 4-O-.BETA.-D-GALACTOPYRANOSYL-