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Carmine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C22H18N4O13S2
CAS number
1390-65-4
IUPAC name
3-[[4-[4-(2,4-diaminophenyl)azophenyl]phenyl]hydrazono]-4-imino-5-oxo-6-(phenylhydrazono)naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid
State
State

Usually available in solid form, Carmine is stable at room temperature and often used as a powder.

It is insoluble in water and generally requires a solvent to dissolve effectively. It may appear crystalline in its pure form.

Melting point (Celsius)
0.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
0.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
492.45g/mol
Molar mass
492.4470g/mol
Density
2.0000g/cm3
Appearence

Carmine is a deep red to crimson pigment that is usually provided in powdered form. It is derived primarily from carminic acid and is known for its vibrant, intense red color. When applied, it imparts a striking red hue, which is often used in cosmetics and foods.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3-[[4-[4-(2,4-diaminophenyl)azophenyl]phenyl]hydrazono]-4-imino-5-oxo-6-(phenylhydrazono)naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid

The solubility of the compound 3-[[4-[4-(2,4-diaminophenyl)azophenyl]phenyl]hydrazono]-4-imino-5-oxo-6-(phenylhydrazono)naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid can be influenced by several key factors, making its solubility characteristics quite intriguing.

Factors Influencing Solubility

  • Polar Groups: The presence of multiple sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) in the structure suggests a high degree of polarity, which often enhances solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The potential for hydrogen bonding among functional groups can also play a significant role in solubility, particularly in aqueous solutions.
  • pH Sensitivity: This compound might exhibit pH-dependent solubility, where its ionization state could change with varying pH levels, affecting how well it dissolves in solution.

General Solubility Insights

In general, for compounds similar to this one, the following observations hold:

  • High Solubility in Water: Due to the sulfonic acid groups, it is likely to be soluble in water.
  • Low Solubility in Non-Polar Solvents: Compounds with significant polar characteristics are typically less soluble in non-polar solvents.

Overall, while specific solubility data for this compound should be determined experimentally, based on its chemical structure, one can anticipate that it exhibits considerable solubility in aqueous environments, making it an interesting candidate for various applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 3-[[4-[4-(2,4-diaminophenyl)azophenyl]phenyl]hydrazono]-4-imino-5-oxo-6-(phenylhydrazono)naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid

This compound, with its intricate structure, represents a fascinating example of azo dyes, which are known for their vibrant colors and diverse applications. Here are some interesting insights:

  • Azo Dye Family: As a member of the azo dye family, this compound features the characteristic –N=N– azo group, which is responsible for its strong chromophoric properties. Azo dyes are used extensively in textiles, food, and even in biological staining.
  • Color Chemistry: The compound's complex structure allows for a range of vibrant colors. The rich interactions between the hydrazone groups and the naphthalene core contribute to its color stability and intensity.
  • Potential Applications: Beyond textiles, such compounds have potential in biomedical applications due to their ability to serve as indicators or probes in various chemical assays, providing important data for research.
  • Environmental Considerations: Azo dyes are often scrutinized regarding their environmental impact. Scientists are actively researching methods to mitigate the hazards posed by azo dyes in waste management, pushing towards greener alternatives.
  • Synthetic Interest: The synthetic pathways leading to compounds like this one can be complex, involving multi-step reactions that highlight the art of organic chemistry. Studying such synthesis can provide aspiring chemists with valuable insights into reaction mechanisms and the manipulation of functional groups.

In summary, this compound is more than just a chemical entity; it is a window into the world of color, synthesis, and environmental chemistry. Its structure offers rich discussion points for chemists and students alike, emphasizing the need for ongoing research in both application and sustainability.