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3-Chloropentane

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H11Cl
CAS number
615-75-2
IUPAC name
3-chloropentane
State
State

At room temperature, 3-Chloropentane is a liquid. It remains in this state under standard atmospheric conditions, but transitions to a gas upon boiling.

Melting point (Celsius)
-112.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
161.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
113.50
Boiling point (Kelvin)
386.65
General information
Molecular weight
106.58g/mol
Molar mass
106.5830g/mol
Density
0.8679g/cm3
Appearence

3-Chloropentane is a colorless to light yellow liquid. It is an aliphatic chloroalkane with a characteristic ether-like odor. The appearance might be described as clear and liquid at room temperature.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3-Chloropentane

3-Chloropentane, with the chemical formula C5H11Cl, is an organic compound characterized by its chlorinated hydrocarbon structure. When considering solubility, it's essential to remember that the presence of the chlorine atom significantly influences the compound's properties.

  • Polarity: The chlorine atom introduces some degree of polarity to the molecule. However, the overall structure remains mostly non-polar due to the hydrocarbon chain.
  • Solvents: As a general rule:
    • 3-chloropentane is soluble in non-polar solvents like hexane or benzene.
    • It exhibits limited solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrocarbon Behavior: This compound behaves similarly to alkanes with a comparable number of carbon atoms, which enhances its solubility in organic solvents while reducing its solubility in aqueous environments.

In summary, while 3-chloropentane may dissolve well in non-polar organic solvents, its solubility in water is quite poor. This trend is typical among chlorinated hydrocarbons, highlighting the balance between polarity and hydrocarbon nature that plays a crucial role in solubility.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 3-Chloropentane

3-Chloropentane, a fascinating alkyl halide, offers a unique blend of properties and applications that make it significant in both organic chemistry and industrial practices. Here are some compelling aspects of this compound:

Key Characteristics

  • Structure and Isomerism: 3-Chloropentane is one of the isomers of chloropentane, possessing a chlorine atom attached to the third carbon of a five-carbon chain. This structural variation leads to distinct chemical behaviors compared to its other isomers, such as 1-chloropentane and 2-chloropentane.
  • Reactivity: Being a secondary alkyl halide, 3-chloropentane exhibits unique reactivity, particularly in substitution reactions. It is prone to nucleophilic substitution, making it a useful intermediate in synthesizing various organic compounds.
  • Functional Groups: The presence of the chlorine atom not only affects its reactivity but also enhances its polarity, contributing to its various chemical properties and reactivity patterns.

Applications

  • Solvent Use: 3-Chloropentane is sometimes used as a solvent in organic reactions due to its favorable characteristics.
  • Intermediate in Synthesis: It serves as a building block in the synthesis of more complex organic molecules, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry.

Environmental Considerations

As an organochlorine compound, 3-chloropentane raises important discussions regarding its environmental impact. Chemists are continually exploring ways to mitigate any potential hazards associated with its use, focusing on safer alternatives and biodegradable options.

Final Thoughts

In summary, 3-chloropentane is more than just a simple alkyl halide; it is a compound that bridges essential chemical principles with real-world applications. Its role in synthetic organic chemistry and industrial processes continues to be a topic of interest for scientists and students alike.

Synonyms
3-CHLOROPENTANE
Pentane, 3-chloro-
1-Ethylpropyl chloride
EINECS 210-467-4
DTXSID3060661
DTXCID8043078
210-467-4
cxqscyivcscses-uhfffaoysa-n
inchi=1/c5h11cl/c1-3-5(6)4-2/h5h,3-4h2,1-2h
616-20-6
3-Chloro-pentane
SCHEMBL83191
CHEMBL18780
AKOS009235751
BP-10944
DB-053951
NS00034750