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Isooctane

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Identification
Molecular formula
C8H18
CAS number
540-84-1
IUPAC name
3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-pentane
State
State

At room temperature, isooctane is in a liquid state. It is non-polar and insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents.

Melting point (Celsius)
-107.38
Melting point (Kelvin)
165.77
Boiling point (Celsius)
99.20
Boiling point (Kelvin)
372.35
General information
Molecular weight
114.23g/mol
Molar mass
114.2280g/mol
Density
0.6920g/cm3
Appearence

Isooctane is a clear, colorless liquid with a weak gasoline-like odor. Due to its branched structure, it is less dense compared to straight-chain alkanes of similar molecular weight.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-pentane

The solubility of 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-pentane can be characterized by several key aspects:

  • Classification: This compound is an alkane, which typically exhibits low solubility in polar solvents due to its hydrophobic nature.
  • Solubility in Water: 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-pentane is expected to be largely insoluble in water. This is a common characteristic of long-chain hydrocarbons, which are not readily soluble in polar solvents.
  • Solubility in Organic Solvents: It is more soluble in non-polar organic solvents such as hexane, benzene, and diethyl ether. This solubility trend is consistent with other similar hydrocarbon compounds.
  • Factors Influencing Solubility: The increasing number of carbon atoms can enhance the hydrophobic interactions, while branching in the structure can reduce Van der Waals interactions, leading to lower solubility than expected in some non-polar solvents.

In summary, *3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-pentane* demonstrates a clear trend in solubility characteristics:

  1. Practically insoluble in water
  2. Soluble in various non-polar organic solvents

This behavior is a direct reflection of its molecular structure and the dynamics of solvation. Understanding these solubility properties is crucial for applications in organic synthesis and chemical processes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 3-Ethyl-2,2-Dimethylpentane

3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane is a fascinating hydrocarbon that belongs to the family of alkanes, specifically known as branched-chain alkanes. Here are some intriguing insights about this compound:

  • Composition: This compound consists of a straight-chain structure with a total of eight carbon atoms, showcasing the diversity in hydrocarbon structures.
  • Branched Structure: The presence of ethyl and dimethyl groups creates branching, which can have significant effects on the physical and chemical properties compared to its straight-chain counterparts.
  • Energy Source: Like many alkanes, 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane can potentially serve as a source of energy due to its combustible nature when burned in oxygen.
  • Isomerism: This compound is a member of a larger class of isomers within the pentane family. Its branched structure contributes to differences in boiling points and other characteristics when compared to its linear isomers.
  • Synthesis: While alkanes can be sourced from natural crude oil, they can also be synthesized in a laboratory setting, offering opportunities for study in organic chemistry and industrial applications.

In the world of chemistry, compounds like 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane serve as excellent examples of how molecular structure affects properties. As noted by renowned chemists, "The configuration of atoms in a molecule dictates its behavior and interactions with other substances." This statement rings true for hydrocarbons, illustrating the importance of molecular geometry and branching.

Understanding such compounds is essential in fields like environmental chemistry, where the study of alkanes helps us comprehend fuel properties and their effects on combustion efficiency and emissions. It also opens doors to further research into synthetic methods and the development of more efficient fuels, thereby making this simple compound an intriguing subject for both students and professionals.

Synonyms
3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane
16747-32-3
2,2-DIMETHYL-3-ETHYLPENTANE
EINECS 240-811-9
DTXSID00168290
DTXCID7090781
240-811-9
CLZCPQKGOAXOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1/C9H20/c1-6-8(7-2)9(3,4)5/h8H,6-7H2,1-5H
Pentane, 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-
SCHEMBL82775
SCHEMBL82776
SCHEMBL396944
3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-pentan
SCHEMBL4621345
SCHEMBL4654340
SCHEMBL10931141
SCHEMBL11232965
LMFA11000699
AKOS006272965
NS00025500
Q5651929