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3-hydroxybenzoic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C7H6O3
CAS number
99-06-9
IUPAC name
3-hydroxybenzoic acid
State
State

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid is a solid at room temperature, usually in the form of crystalline needles or powder.

Melting point (Celsius)
203.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
476.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
274.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
547.00
General information
Molecular weight
138.12g/mol
Molar mass
138.1220g/mol
Density
1.5090g/cm3
Appearence
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid appears as a white crystalline solid. It is often found in powder or needle-like crystalline form.
Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid

3-hydroxybenzoic acid, commonly known as salicylic acid, exhibits interesting solubility characteristics that are vital for its applications in various fields, including pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Here are some key points regarding the solubility of this compound:

  • Solvent Preferences: 3-hydroxybenzoic acid is slightly soluble in water, particularly at elevated temperatures, making it more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and ether.
  • Influence of pH: The solubility of this compound significantly increases in alkaline solutions due to the ionization of its carboxylic acid group, thereby enhancing its aqueous solubility.
  • Temperature Dependency: As the temperature rises, the solubility of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid in water generally increases, which is a common behavior for solids.
  • Effect of Hydrogen Bonding: The presence of hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups allows for robust hydrogen bonding with polar solvents, thereby facilitating its dissolution.

In summary, while 3-hydroxybenzoic acid demonstrates moderate solubility in water, its solubilization is significantly influenced by pH, temperature, and solvent choice. As noted in many pharmaceutical applications, "the solubility characteristics of a compound often dictate its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy." Understanding these factors is crucial for effective utilization in practical scenarios.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as salicylic acid, is a remarkable compound that belongs to the class of phenolic acids. Here are some fascinating insights into this intriguing substance:

  • Antiseptic Properties: 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid is well-known for its antiseptic qualities, making it a valuable ingredient in various medicinal and cosmetic products. It is particularly effective in treating acne and other skin conditions.
  • Role in Plant Defense: Naturally occurring in many plants, this compound plays a vital role in their defense mechanisms against pathogens and pests. Its presence contributes to the plant's ability to withstand environmental stresses.
  • Industrial Applications: The compound is utilized in the synthesis of dyes and perfumes. It serves as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals, demonstrating its importance in both the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
  • Cultural Significance: Historically, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid has been used in traditional medicine, where it's valued for its anti-inflammatory properties. The compound is part of the lore surrounding natural remedies.
  • Research Potential: Ongoing research into 3-hydroxybenzoic acid is exploring its potential in drug development, particularly in anti-cancer research, due to its capacity to inhibit certain enzymes involved in tumor growth.

In summary, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid is not just a simple compound; it holds a wealth of significance across various fields, from medicine to agriculture. Its diverse applications and natural properties make it a subject of continual interest and investigation in the scientific community.

Synonyms
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
99-06-9
M-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID
m-Salicylic acid
3-Carboxyphenol
Benzoic acid, 3-hydroxy-
Benzoic acid, m-hydroxy-
m-Hba
Acido m-idrossibenzoico
3-Hydroxy benzoic acid
Kyselina 3-hydroxybenzoova
NSC 55746
3-hydroxy-benzoic acid
m-carboxyphenol
meta-Hydroxybenzoic acid
m-hydroxybenzoate
UNII-2ZFW40OJ7U
EINECS 202-726-5
2ZFW40OJ7U
MFCD00002506
BRN 0508160
DTXSID6021610
CHEBI:30764
AI3-03110
NSC-55746
AC PE 3HB
CHEMBL65369
DTXCID601610
3HB
Acido m-idrossibenzoico [Italian]
Kyselina 3-hydroxybenzoova [Czech]
m-salicylate
3pcb
3-hydroxy benzoate
meta-hydroxybenzoate
3-Hydroxybenzoicacid
3-hydroxybenzoic-acid
metahydroxybenzoic acid
3-Hydroxybenzoate, II
Enamine_005356
bmse000324
SCHEMBL40078
HMS1409D10
NSC55746
Tox21_200527
BBL011983
BDBM50336491
s6367
STL163473
AKOS000118958
CS-W004049
FH37275
HY-W004049
PS-5406
CAS-99-06-9
NCGC00248676-01
NCGC00258081-01
PD144440
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, analytical standard
DB-028515
H0205
NS00014563
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
EN300-17318
C00587
H60032
AE-562/40227537
doi:10.14272/IJFXRHURBJZNAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N.1
Q2823216
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
Z56919254
F9995-1635
713EC407-4844-477D-8207-DBD66E398D2C
InChI=1/C7H6O3/c8-6-3-1-2-5(4-6)7(9)10/h1-4,8H,(H,9,10
202-726-5
25302-76-5