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3-Hydroxypropanenitrile

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Identification
Molecular formula
C3H5NO
CAS number
109-78-4
IUPAC name
3-hydroxypropanenitrile
State
State

At room temperature, 3-Hydroxypropanenitrile is typically in a liquid state. It is known for being a volatile compound.

Melting point (Celsius)
-56.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
217.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
204.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
477.15
General information
Molecular weight
71.08g/mol
Molar mass
71.0810g/mol
Density
0.9808g/cm3
Appearence

3-Hydroxypropanenitrile generally appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid. It is a transparent and volatile compound that may emit a faint odor characteristic of nitriles.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3-Hydroxypropanenitrile

3-Hydroxypropanenitrile, with the chemical formula C3H7NO, exhibits interesting solubility properties that are noteworthy for a variety of applications. This compound is primarily characterized by its ability to dissolve in polar solvents, which can be attributed to its functional groups.

Solubility Characteristics:

  • Water Solubility: 3-Hydroxypropanenitrile is soluble in water due to the presence of the hydroxyl group (-OH), which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
  • Organic Solvents: It is also soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol and methanol, enhancing its applicability in organic synthesis and reactions.
  • Temperature Effects: Solubility may increase with temperature, making it easier to work with in heated reactions.

It is important to note that while 3-hydroxypropanenitrile is generally soluble in a range of solvents, its solubility can be affected by factors such as pH and the presence of other substances. As noted by researchers, "the functional groups present in a molecule play a critical role in determining its overall solubility." Therefore, understanding these properties can be vital for chemists when selecting solvents for reactions involving this compound.

In summary, the solubility profile of 3-hydroxypropanenitrile highlights its versatility and importance in chemical processes, showcasing its behavior in both aqueous and organic environments.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 3-Hydroxypropanenitrile

3-Hydroxypropanenitrile, also known as β-Hydroxypropionitrile, is a fascinating organic compound that plays a significant role in various chemical reactions and is of interest in multiple scientific fields.

Key Features

  • Functional Group Influence: This compound contains both a hydroxyl group (-OH) and a nitrile group (-CN), making it a valuable building block in organic synthesis.
  • Versatile Intermediate: It acts as an intermediate in the synthesis of more complex compounds, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
  • Reactivity: Due to its functional groups, 3-hydroxypropanenitrile can undergo a variety of reactions, such as nucleophilic additions, making it an intriguing subject for organic chemists.
  • Biological Relevance: Some studies have investigated its role in biological pathways, potentially contributing to the development of drugs or therapeutic agents.

Applications

3-Hydroxypropanenitrile is utilized in different sectors, including:

  • Medicinal Chemistry: As a precursor for drugs, it may facilitate the creation of new medicinal compounds with desired biological activity.
  • Materials Science: Researchers are exploring its properties for the development of novel materials and polymers.

Did You Know?

According to scientists, the presence of the hydroxyl group not only influences the solubility of the compound but also enhances its reactivity in nucleophilic substitution reactions. As one researcher aptly stated, "The dual functionality of 3-hydroxypropanenitrile makes it a versatile compound in synthetic organic chemistry." This versatility opens doors for innovation and exploration in various scientific fields.

In summary, 3-hydroxypropanenitrile is more than just a compound; it is a gateway to a myriad of scientific advancements and discoveries. Whether in academia or industry, understanding its properties and applications can lead to exciting developments in chemistry.

Synonyms
3-Hydroxypropionitrile
109-78-4
3-Hydroxypropanenitrile
Hydracrylonitrile
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN
2-Cyanoethanol
Propanenitrile, 3-hydroxy-
Glycol cyanohydrin
beta-Cyanoethanol
Methanolacetonitrile
Hydroxypropanenitrile
2-Hydroxycyanoethane
2-Cyanoethyl alcohol
beta-Hpn
3-Hydroxypropiononitrile
beta-Hpn3
Propionitrile, 3-hydroxy-
USAF RH-7
2-Hydroxyethyl cyanide
Aethylencyanhydrin
.beta.-Cyanoethanol
2-Hydroxyethylkyanid
Aethylencyanhydrin [German]
Cyanoethanol
CCRIS 6049
HSDB 427
ETHYLENECYANOHYDRIN
.beta.-Hydroxypropionitrile
NSC 2598
EINECS 203-704-8
BRN 0635773
DTXSID1025433
UNII-7V8108WN46
AI3-02152
3-hydroxy-propionitrile
NSC-2598
MFCD00002826
3-Hydroxypropionitrile-d2
DTXCID405433
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN [MI]
HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE, 3-
EC 203-704-8
ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN [HSDB]
4-03-00-00708 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
7V8108WN46
78645-87-1
beta-Hydroxypropionitrile
2-Hydroxyethylkyanid [Czech]
3-HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE (ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN)
3-HYDROXYPROPANENITRILE {ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN}
Cyanhydrin
b-cyanoethanol
betaCyanoethanol
2Cyanoethanol
betaHPN
ethylenecyanhydrin
betaHPN3
ethylene cyanhydrin
2Hydroxycyanoethane
2Hydroxyethylkyanid
2Cyanoethyl alcohol
3hydroxypropionitrile
methanol-acetonitrile
.beta.-Hpn3
2hydroxyethyl cyanide
b-Hpn3
b-hydroxypropionitrile
2-Cyano-1-ethanol
3Hydroxypropanenitrile
b-HPN
3-hydroxyproprionitrile
betaHydroxypropionitrile
3-hydroxy propionitrile
Propionitrile, 3hydroxy
Propanenitrile, 3hydroxy
1-cyano-2-hydroxyethane
2-Cyanoethanol, Pract.
USAF-RH-7
WLN: Q2CN
2-CYANOETHANOL ALCOHOL
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, 97%
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, Pract.
BETA-HYDROXYETHYL CYANIDE
1-HYDROXY-2-CYANOETHANE
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, >=99%
NSC2598
BCP26920
STR01894
Tox21_303822
BBL027405
STK802179
AKOS000120568
CS-W001263
FH02756
SB83804
3-HYDROXYPROPANOIC ACID, NITRILE
NCGC00357100-01
BP-30055
CAS-109-78-4
SY005485
DB-003929
PROPANOIC ACID, 3-HYDROXY, NITRILE
NS00009584
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, ReagentPlus(R), 99%
EN300-21056
D77638
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, puriss., >=99.0% (GC)
Q904204
3-Hydroxypropionitrile, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 96%
F0001-0204
Methanolacetonitrile;Propanenitrile, 3-hydroxy-;Hydracrylonitrile, Pract;Ethylene cyanohydrin, pract