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Isovaleric acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H10O2
CAS number
503-74-2
IUPAC name
3-methylbutanoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, isovaleric acid is a liquid. It is volatile and has a low melting point, which contributes to its strong odor.

Melting point (Celsius)
-30.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
243.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
176.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
449.15
General information
Molecular weight
102.13g/mol
Molar mass
102.1320g/mol
Density
0.9245g/cm3
Appearence

Isovaleric acid is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent odor. The smell is often described as similar to that of sweaty feet or cheese, due to its presence in certain fermented products. It is commonly used in the fragrance and flavor industries.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3-methylbutanoic acid

3-methylbutanoic acid, also known as isoamyl acid, is a branched-chain carboxylic acid with the formula C5H10O2. Its solubility properties are quite interesting:

  • Polar Nature: The presence of the carboxylic acid group (–COOH) makes 3-methylbutanoic acid polar, enhancing its solubility in polar solvents.
  • Water Solubility: 3-methylbutanoic acid is moderately soluble in water. It typically dissolves better in acidic environments due to protonation, which aids in overcoming the hydrophobic character of the hydrophobic alkyl chain.
  • Solubility in Organic Solvents: This compound is more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and acetone, making it suitable for various chemical applications.
  • Temperature Dependence: Like many organic acids, its solubility can increase with temperature, meaning it dissolves more readily when heated.

In summary, while 3-methylbutanoic acid exhibits a degree of solubility in water, it excels in organic solvents, which can be crucial for its practical applications. As noted, "the solubility of carboxylic acids can be influenced by both their structure and the environment." Thus, understanding its solubility behavior is key to utilizing this compound effectively in chemical processes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 3-Methylbutanoic Acid

3-Methylbutanoic acid, also known as isovaleric acid, is a fascinating compound that plays a significant role in both nature and industry. Here are some interesting insights:

  • Natural Occurrence: This compound is commonly found in a variety of foods, especially in cheese, where it contributes to the unique flavors and aromas. It can also be detected in certain fruits.
  • Distinct Odor: 3-Methylbutanoic acid is infamous for its pungent smell, often described as "goaty" or "sweaty." This characteristic scent plays a critical role in some areas of biochemistry and sensory science.
  • Biological Importance: It is also produced by bacteria during the fermentation process, making it an integral part of various biological systems.
  • Industrial Uses: In the synthetic chemistry sector, 3-methylbutanoic acid is employed as an intermediate in the production of various esters and other chemical compounds. It can serve as a precursor in organic synthesis.

As noted by chemists, “The world of organic acids is both intriguing and essential for numerous applications, whether in food science, biochemistry, or industrial processes.”

In summary, 3-methylbutanoic acid is much more than just a simple carboxylic acid; it serves as a bridge between chemistry, biology, and even culinary arts. Its unique properties encourage ongoing research and exploration in various fields.

Synonyms
ISOVALERIC ACID
503-74-2
Isopentanoic acid
3-Methylbutyric acid
Delphinic acid
Isopropylacetic acid
Isovalerianic acid
Isobutylformic acid
Isovalerianic
beta-Methylbutyric acid
Acetic acid, isopropyl-
Butyric acid, 3-methyl-
Kyselina isovalerova
Isobutyl formic acid
Isovaleriansaeure
FEMA No. 3102
3-methyl-n-butyric acid
Isovaleric acid (natural)
FEMA Number: 3102
3-Methylbuttersaeure
NSC 62783
HSDB 629
EINECS 207-975-3
UNII-1BR7X184L5
BRN 1098522
DELPHINIC-ACID
DTXSID5029182
CHEBI:28484
AI3-24132
1BR7X184L5
NSC-62783
DTXCID309182
EC 207-975-3
4-02-00-00895 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
ISOVALERIC ACID (MART.)
ISOVALERIC ACID [MART.]
207-975-3
3-Methylbutanoic acid
Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-
3-Methylbutyrate
3-methyl-butanoic acid
3-methyl butyric acid
3-methyl-butyric acid
MFCD00002726
.beta.-Methylbutyric acid
3,4-Diisovaleryl adrenaline
Butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, (R)-
IVA
Kyselina isovalerova [Czech]
92634-50-9
METHYLBUTANOIC ACID
b-Methylbutyrate
iso-valeric acid
3-Methylbutanoicacid
b-Methylbutyric acid
iso-C4H9COOH
Isovaleric acid, 99%
bmse000373
Isovaleric acid (Standard)
SCHEMBL43436
ISOVALERIC ACID [MI]
ISOVALERIC ACID [FCC]
ISOVALERIC ACID [FHFI]
ISOVALERIC ACID [HSDB]
CHEMBL568737
WLN: QV1Y1&1
ISOVALERIC ACID [WHO-DD]
BCP32116
HY-W012980R
NSC62783
STR08356
Isovaleric acid, analytical standard
Tox21_201604
BBL027399
Isovaleric acid (mixture of isomers)
LMFA01020181
s6287
STL146358
AKOS000119861
Isovaleric acid, >=99%, FCC, FG
CS-W013696
DB03750
FM15957
HY-W012980
3-Methylbutyric acid: isopropyl-Acetate
Isovaleric acid sodium salt (Salt/Mix)
Isovaleric acid, natural, >=98%, FG
NCGC00249082-01
NCGC00259153-01
35915-22-1
CAS-503-74-2
3-Methylbutyric acid: isopropyl-Acetic acid
M0182
NS00001831
EN300-19718
C08262
D78213
Q415536
F2191-0067
Z104474910
3-Methylbutanoic acid;3-Methylbutyric acid;Isopentanoic acid
InChI=1/C5H10O2/c1-4(2)3-5(6)7/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7