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Gallic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C7H6O5
CAS number
149-91-7
IUPAC name
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, gallic acid is a solid. It is typically handled as a fine powder.

Melting point (Celsius)
250.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
523.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
170.12g/mol
Molar mass
170.1200g/mol
Density
1.6940g/cm3
Appearence

Gallic acid appears as a fine, almost white or slightly yellow crystalline powder. It is known for its high solubility in water and ethanol, making it often appear as a clear solution when dissolved.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid

3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, with the chemical formula C7H6O5, exhibits intriguing solubility characteristics that highlight its interactions with various solvents.

This compound is generally considered to be:

  • Soluble in water: Due to the presence of three hydroxyl (-OH) groups, it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, enhancing its solubility.
  • Relatively soluble in organic solvents: Solutions in polar organic solvents like ethanol and methanol are possible due to the hydrophilic nature of its functional groups.
  • Less soluble in non-polar solvents: Hydrocarbons and other non-polar solvents show poor solubility for this acid, consistent with the principles of "like dissolves like."

In summary, while 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid is readily soluble in polar solvents such as water and ethanol due to its functional groups, it does not dissolve well in non-polar substances. As a result, it is crucial to consider the solvent type when working with this compound in laboratory settings.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid

3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, often referred to as Gallic Acid, is a fascinating compound with a rich history in both nature and application. Here are some intriguing insights about this compound:

  • Naturally Occurring: Gallic acid is found in a variety of plants, most notably in gallnuts, sumac, and oak trees. It plays a critical role in plant metabolism and defense.
  • Historical Use: Historically, this compound has been used in traditional medicine due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Ancient civilizations utilized it for its healing benefits, targeting digestive issues and skin ailments.
  • Modern Applications: In contemporary settings, gallic acid is employed in various industries, including:
    • Pharmaceuticals: It is researched for its potential use in drug formulations and therapeutic agents.
    • Food and Beverages: Known for its antioxidant capabilities, it acts as a preservative and flavor enhancer.
    • Cosmetics: Due to its skin-benefiting properties, it is included in formulations for skin care products.
  • Environmental Impact: Gallic acid is also studied for its role in reducing environmental pollution, particularly its potential in wastewater treatment processes due to its natural degradation.
  • Analytical Chemistry: In the field of analytical chemistry, it serves as a standard for quantifying phenolic compounds, thus playing a vital role in biochemical research.

In summary, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid is more than just a simple organic compound; it is a key player in various biological, ecological, and industrial processes. As we explore this compound further, its significance only continues to grow!

Synonyms
Gallic acid
149-91-7
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid
gallate
Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-
Gallic acid, tech.
Kyselina gallova
Pyrogallol-5-carboxylic acid
GALOP
HSDB 2117
GALLIC ACID ANHYDROUS
MFCD00002510
CCRIS 5523
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate
NSC 674319
CHEBI:30778
Kyselina 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoova
AI3-16412
EINECS 205-749-9
NSC 20103
NSC-20103
NSC-674319
UNII-632XD903SP
BRN 2050274
DTXSID0020650
632XD903SP
NSC20103
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, anhydrous
DTXCID60650
CHEMBL288114
3,4,5-trihydroxy-Benzoic acid
3-10-00-02070 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
NSC674319
NCGC00091125-01
Kyselina gallova [Czech]
Acid, Gallic
CAS-149-91-7
Gallic acid [NF]
SR-05000001537
gallic-acid
Kyselina 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoova [Czech]
Gallic acid tech.
Gallic Acid, F
GDE
Gallic Acid1520
Deuterated gallic acid
Spectrum_000342
Gallic acid (Standard)
SpecPlus_000307
5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid
Spectrum2_000399
Spectrum3_000254
Spectrum4_001544
Spectrum5_000108
GALLIC ACID [MI]
bmse000389
3,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid
GALLIC ACID [HSDB]
3,4,5-hydroxybenzoic acid
WLN: QVR CQ DQ EQ
3,4,5-trihydroxy-Benzoate
Oprea1_087792
SCHEMBL15012
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoicacid
BSPBio_001668
KBioGR_002008
KBioSS_000822
SPECTRUM210369
65271-60-5
BIDD:ER0374
DivK1c_006403
GALLIC ACID [WHO-DD]
SPBio_000617
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate, X
Benzoic acid,4,5-trihydroxy-
GTPL5549
HY-N0523R
KBio1_001347
KBio2_000822
KBio2_003390
KBio2_005958
KBio3_001168
CPD-183
DTXSID50420476
Gallic acid, puriss., 98.0%
1,5-Cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylic acid, 5-hydroxy-3,4-dioxo-
HMS1923K07
HMS2091A07
Pharmakon1600-00210369
BCP18127
HY-N0523
NSC36997
ULA66092
Tox21_111089
Tox21_202515
BBL009937
BDBM50085536
CCG-38670
NSC-36997
NSC755825
s4603
STK298718
AKOS000119625
Tox21_111089_1
AC-1206
CS-8191
FG11942
NSC-755825
PS-8710
SDCCGMLS-0066503.P001
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid anhydrous
NCGC00091125-02
NCGC00091125-03
NCGC00091125-04
NCGC00091125-05
NCGC00091125-07
NCGC00091125-13
NCGC00091125-14
NCGC00260064-01
DA-33612
SY038078
SBI-0052184.P002
Gallic acid, 97.5-102.5% (titration)
G0011
NS00013682
EN300-21542
C01424
D85056
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (ACD/Name 4.0)
AB00052697_03
Q375837
SR-05000001537-1
SR-05000001537-2
SR-05000001537-3
BRD-K77345217-001-01-9
BRD-K77345217-001-05-0
F1908-0156
Gallic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
Z104501122
78563C7D-0E2D-4766-A8EA-670A03C78FCF
GALLIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF GRAPE SEEDS OLIGOMERIC PROANTHOCYANIDINS)
InChI=1/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12
137657-43-3
205-749-9