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Farnesol

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Identification
Molecular formula
C15H26O
CAS number
4602-84-0
IUPAC name
3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol
State
State

At room temperature, farnesol is a liquid. Its low melting point indicates it remains in a liquid state under standard conditions, making it ideal for use as an additive in cosmetics and fragrances.

Melting point (Celsius)
-22.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
251.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
110.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
383.15
General information
Molecular weight
222.37g/mol
Molar mass
222.3660g/mol
Density
0.8724g/cm3
Appearence

Farnesol is a colorless liquid with a floral fragrance, commonly described as having a sweet, fresh, and citrus-like aroma. It is often used in perfumery for its fragrance properties. As a liquid, it is clear and typically contained in glass ampoules or chemical storage bottles.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol

The solubility of 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol can be influenced by various factors due to its unique structure. This compound features a long hydrocarbon chain along with multiple double bonds and a hydroxyl group, which can significantly affect its interaction with solvents. Here are some important considerations regarding its solubility:

  • Polar vs Non-polar Solvents: The presence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group suggests that 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol may exhibit some solubility in polar solvents, such as water. However, the long hydrocarbon chain generally enhances solubility in non-polar solvents like hexane or chloroform.
  • Molecular Structure: The multiple double bonds can reduce viscosity and may enhance movement within non-polar environments, making it more soluble in oils and organic solvents.
  • Temperature Influence: Solubility can often increase with temperature, allowing the compound to dissolve better in various solvents when heated.
  • Concentration Effects: At higher concentrations, the solubility might change as intermolecular interactions become more significant. For instance, clustering might occur, leading to reduced solubility in a given solvent.

In summary, while 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol may find a niche in polar solvents due to its hydroxyl group, its long hydrocarbon tail gives it a much greater affinity for non-polar solvents. Thus, a balanced understanding of its solubility profile can aid in its practical applications in various chemical environments.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol

3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol, commonly known as farnesol, is a fascinating compound that holds a special place in various fields such as chemistry, biology, and even perfume-making. Here are some intriguing aspects of this compound:

  • Natural Occurrence: Farnesol is naturally found in essential oils of several plants, including rose and lavender. Its presence contributes to the characteristic scents of these flowers.
  • Biological Significance: This compound plays a role in the metabolic process of different organisms. Farnesol is involved in the synthesis of cholesterol and other terpenes, which are vital for cell membrane integrity.
  • Fragrance Properties: Due to its pleasant floral scent, farnesol is widely used in the cosmetics and fragrance industries. It is appreciated not only for its fragrance but also for its ability to enhance the overall aroma of perfume formulations.
  • Chemical Uses: Beyond its applications in fragrance, farnesol also serves as an important compound in organic synthesis, paving the way for the creation of more complex molecules.
  • Potential Health Benefits: Recent studies have indicated that farnesol may exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it a subject of interest for researchers exploring natural preservatives and therapeutic agents.

In summary, 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-1-ol is not just a compound with a long name; it represents the intersection of nature, science, and industry. As expressed by chemists, “The simplest structures oftentimes hold the greatest potential.” This is certainly true for farnesol!