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Cysteine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C3H7NO2S
CAS number
52-90-4
IUPAC name
4-amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic acid
State
State

Cysteine is a solid at room temperature. It is stable under normal conditions but should be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent degradation or reaction with atmospheric moisture or oxygen.

Melting point (Celsius)
240.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
513.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
121.16g/mol
Molar mass
121.1580g/mol
Density
1.3404g/cm3
Appearence

Cysteine typically appears as a white crystalline solid. It is often supplied in powder form. The appearance might vary slightly depending on the form it takes, such as its hydrochloride salt or hydrated state.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic acid

The solubility of 4-amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic acid, often referred to as cysteine, is an intriguing characteristic of this compound. It demonstrates notable solubility in various solvents, which can be summarized as follows:

  • Water: Cysteine is highly soluble in water, with its solubility enhanced due to the presence of amino and thiol functional groups. These groups facilitate hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions with water molecules, making cysteine readily dissolve.
  • Organic Solvents: While cysteine's solubility in organic solvents is significantly lower compared to water, it can still dissolve in some alcohols and less polar solvents. This variance is largely due to the hydrophilic nature of the amino and sulfanyl groups.
  • pH Dependence: The solubility of cysteine is also affected by pH levels. At lower pH, it exists predominantly in its protonated form, which can influence solubility dynamics.

In summary, cysteine's remarkable solubility properties are largely attributed to its functional groups, allowing it to intermingle easily with polar solvents like water. As the famous chemist Antoine Lavoisier once noted, “Nothing is lost, everything is transformed,” a fitting phrase that encapsulates cysteine’s versatility in various solvent environments.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 4-Amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic Acid

4-Amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic acid, often referred to in the literature as a vital compound in the biosynthesis of certain amino acids, plays a crucial role in various biological processes. This organic compound carries significant implications in the field of biochemistry and nutritional sciences.

Key Points to Note:

  • Biosynthesis: It is a precursor to the amino acid cysteine, which is an essential component involved in protein synthesis.
  • Antioxidant Properties: The sulfur group in its structure contributes to its potential antioxidant properties, making it interesting for research in health and nutrition.
  • Role in Metabolism: As a sulfur-containing amino acid, it is vital for various metabolic functions, including the synthesis of proteins and detoxification processes in the liver.
  • Potential Therapeutic Applications: Research indicates that compounds like 4-amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic acid may have therapeutic potential in treating conditions related to oxidative stress and inflammation.

Significance in Research:

Scientists continue to explore the biological roles and applications of this compound. It is particularly emphasized in studies related to:

  • Cellular Health: Its involvement in maintaining cellular health and preventing damage from free radicals.
  • Nutrition: Understanding its role in human nutrition, particularly for vegans and vegetarians who may require adequate sulfur-containing amino acids.
  • Aging: Investigating its potential impact on aging and age-related diseases.

In summary, 4-amino-2-sulfanyl-butanoic acid is more than just a simple compound; it is a significant player in the complex web of biochemistry, with ongoing research shedding light on its therapeutic and nutritional importance.

Synonyms
4-Amino-2-mercaptobutyric acid
997-27-3
alpha-SH-GABA
BRN 4126950
Butanoic acid, 4-amino-2-mercapto-
alpha-Mercapto-gamma-aminobutyric acid
BUTYRIC ACID, 4-AMINO-2-MERCAPTO-
4-amino-2-sulfanylbutanoic acid
SCHEMBL11496247
DTXSID20912535
AKOS006338670