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Congo red

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Identification
Molecular formula
C32H22N6Na2O6S2
CAS number
573-58-0
IUPAC name
4-amino-3-[4-[4-[(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthyl)azo]phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid
State
State

At room temperature, Congo red is typically in a solid state, appearing as a powder or crystalline material.

Melting point (Celsius)
357.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
630.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
300.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
573.00
General information
Molecular weight
696.67g/mol
Molar mass
696.6650g/mol
Density
0.9499g/cm3
Appearence

Congo red appears as a red-brownish powder or crystals. It is commonly used as a pH indicator and dye, exhibiting a distinct red color at alkaline pH levels, turning blue in acidic conditions. Its vivid coloration has been historically utilized for staining materials in various laboratory settings.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-amino-3-[4-[4-[(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthyl)azo]phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid

This compound, known for its complex structure, demonstrates notable solubility characteristics primarily due to its ionic and polar functional groups. The presence of sulfonic acid groups contributes significantly to its solubility in water and polar solvents. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Water Solubility: The sulfonic acid groups make the compound highly soluble in water, facilitating its use in various applications, particularly in dyeing processes.
  • Solvent Compatibility: It is expected to dissolve well in polar organic solvents, such as ethanol and methanol, due to its polar nature.
  • Temperature Dependence: Like many organic compounds, solubility may increase with temperature; therefore, higher temperatures can enhance its dissolution in solvents.
  • Presence of Hydroxyl Groups: The hydroxy group further enhances its interaction with solvents, promoting solvation and dispersal in solution.

In conclusion, 4-amino-3-[4-[4-[(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthyl)azo]phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid exhibits excellent solubility in aqueous environments, primarily driven by its ionic character. This property makes it versatile for industrial and laboratory applications, where effective solubilization is crucial.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 4-amino-3-[4-[4-[(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthyl)azo]phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid

This compound, known as a highly complex azo dye, is a fascinating example of synthetic chemistry and applications in various fields. Here are some intriguing details:

  • Structure Complexity: The molecule features multiple aromatic rings and azo groups, which are characteristic of many dyes. This complexity contributes to its vibrant color properties.
  • Industrial Use: It is primarily used in the textile industry for dyeing fabrics, providing bright and lasting colors. Its stability under light and washing enhances its desirability in commercial applications.
  • Biological Interaction: Scientists are researching these types of compounds for their potential roles in biological systems, as some azo dyes possess interesting pharmacological properties.
  • Environmental Concerns: Like many synthetic dyes, this compound poses environmental challenges. Azo dyes can degrade into potentially harmful substances, leading to ongoing investigations into safer alternatives or degradation methods.
  • Historical Significance: The development of azo dyes revolutionized the dye industry in the 19th century. Their synthesis marked a significant shift from natural dyes to synthetic options, shaping modern chemistry.

In conclusion, 4-amino-3-[4-[4-[(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthyl)azo]phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid exemplifies the intersection of chemistry, industry, and environmental considerations, making it a remarkable topic of study in both academic and applied contexts.

Synonyms
Direct Red 17 free acid
C.I. Direct Red 17
HCN5X65698
UNII-HCN5X65698
25188-32-3
1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-3-(2-(4'-(2-(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)diazenyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)diazenyl)-
4-Amino-3-(2-(4'-(2-(2-hydroxy-8-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)diazenyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)diazenyl)-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid
DTXSID90859766