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Congo Red

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Identification
Molecular formula
C32H22N6O6S2
CAS number
573-58-0
IUPAC name
4-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-4-[2-methyl-4-[4-(p-tolylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]azo-phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid
State
State

At room temperature, Congo Red is typically in a solid state, specifically as a powder.

Melting point (Celsius)
360.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
633.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
500.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
773.15
General information
Molecular weight
696.67g/mol
Molar mass
696.6650g/mol
Density
0.9901g/cm3
Appearence

Congo Red appears as an orange-red to purple-red powder. When used as a dye, it renders a brilliant red color. The powder is fine and homogeneous.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-4-[2-methyl-4-[4-(p-tolylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]azo-phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid

Understanding the solubility of 4-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-4-[2-methyl-4-[4-(p-tolylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]azo-phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid is crucial due to its complex structure and functional groups. This compound features several sulfonic acid groups, which typically enhance solubility in polar solvents, particularly water.

Factors Affecting Solubility:

  • Polar Nature: The presence of sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) promotes interactions with water molecules, increasing hydrophilicity.
  • Molecular Structure: The overall size and branching of the molecule can impact its solubility. Large, bulky groups may hinder solubility in certain solvents.
  • Temperature: As with many compounds, increased temperatures generally enhance solubility in aquatic mediums.

In summary, while 4-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-4-[2-methyl-4-[4-(p-tolylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]azo-phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid is likely to be soluble in water due to its ionic nature and polar groups, the rate and extent of solubility can vary based on structural features and environmental conditions. Experimentation may be required to ascertain precise solubility limits in various solvents.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About 4-Hydroxy-3-[3-Methyl-4-[2-Methyl-4-[4-(p-Tolylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]azo-Phenyl]Phenyl]Azo-Naphthalene-2,7-Disulfonic Acid

This compound represents a fascinating example of azo dyes, which are widely recognized for their vibrant colors and diverse applications in various fields. The unique structure of this substance, featuring multiple aromatic systems and sulfonic acid groups, provides it with distinctive properties.

Key Highlights:

  • Color Power: Azo dyes, including this compound, exhibit exceptional color strength, making them ideal for textile and paper dyeing.
  • Functional Versatility: The presence of functional groups, such as sulfonic acids, enhances water solubility, making it suitable for aqueous applications.
  • Environmental Considerations: As with many synthetic dyes, the environmental impact and biodegradability of azo dyes are critical topics in modern chemistry. Researchers are continuously striving to develop greener synthesis routes and evaluate the ecological footprint.
  • Chemical Reactivity: The multiple reactive sites in this compound allow for potential modifications, leading to a plethora of derivatives with tailored properties for specific uses.
  • Analytical Importance: Azo compounds are often used as indicators in analytical chemistry, particularly in dye-sensitized solar cells and other sensing applications.

As noted in various studies, "the quest for sustainable dyeing practices emphasizes the need for understanding the chemistry behind complex molecules like azo dyes." This compound truly exemplifies the intersection of science and practical application, showcasing the beautiful complexity found within chemical structures.

In sum, 4-hydroxy-3-[3-methyl-4-[2-methyl-4-[4-(p-tolylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]azo-phenyl]phenyl]azo-naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid serves as an intriguing subject for chemists and students alike, offering lessons in molecular structure, environmental science, and the art of dye synthesis.

Synonyms
Acid Red 111 free acid
DH7K645W2Y
Acid Red 111 parent
29128-77-6
EINECS 249-460-6
DTXSID4045054
2,7-NAPHTHALENEDISULFONIC ACID, 3-((2,2'-DIMETHYL-4'-((4-(((4-METHYLPHENYL)SULFONYL)OXY)PHENYL)AZO)(1,1'-BIPHENYL)-4-YL)AZO)-4-HYDROXY-
2,7-NAPHTHALENEDISULFONIC ACID, 3-(2-(2,2'-DIMETHYL-4'-(2-(4-(((4-METHYLPHENYL)SULFONYL)OXY)PHENYL)DIAZENYL)(1,1'-BIPHENYL)-4-YL)DIAZENYL)-4-HYDROXY-
2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3-[[2,2'-dimethyl-4'-[[4-[[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy]phenyl]azo][1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]azo]-4-hydroxy-
DTXCID2025054
UNII-DH7K645W2Y
3-((2,2'-Dimethyl-4'-((4-(((p-tolyl)sulphonyl)oxy)phenyl)azo)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)azo)-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulphonic acid
DTXSID10859965
YSHSHWHUIBZXKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
NS00083934
Q27276392
3-{[2,2'-Dimethyl-4'-({4-[(4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl)oxy]phenyl}diazenyl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]diazenyl}-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid