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Carnitine

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Identification
Molecular formula
C7H15NO3
CAS number
541-15-1
IUPAC name
4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
State
State

At room temperature, carnitine is a solid. It remains stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage and is commonly handled in its dry, powdery form.

Melting point (Celsius)
197.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
470.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
298.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
571.00
General information
Molecular weight
161.20g/mol
Molar mass
161.1990g/mol
Density
0.6400g/cm3
Appearence

Carnitine appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder. It is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air, and is highly soluble in water. Its crystalline form is typically small and granular.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 4-(Trimethylammonio)butanoate

4-(Trimethylammonio)butanoate, with the chemical formula C7H15NO3, exhibits notable solubility characteristics due to its ionic nature. The presence of the trimethylammonium group makes it hydrophilic, allowing it to interact effectively with polar solvents like water.

Some key points about its solubility include:

  • Polar Solvents: Highly soluble in water and other polar solvents due to its charged functional groups.
  • Non-Polar Solvents: Limited solubility in non-polar solvents, which can be attributed to the lack of favorable interactions.
  • Concentration Effects: As concentration increases, solubility can vary, reflecting the saturation point in a given solvent.

It is worth mentioning that the solubility of 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate can be influenced by factors such as temperature and pH. Generally, higher temperatures can enhance solubility, while a drastic change in pH could potentially affect the charge state and thus the solubility. Therefore, when considering this compound in applications or formulations, it’s essential to note:

  • At neutral pH levels, optimal solubility can be expected.
  • Raising the temperature may improve its solubilization in aqueous solutions.

In summary, 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate is a compound with significant solubility properties in polar environments, making it particularly useful in various chemical contexts where ionic mobility is required.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 4-(Trimethylammonio)butanoate

4-(Trimethylammonio)butanoate is a fascinating compound that demonstrates the intriguing intersection of organic chemistry and biological activity. As a quaternary ammonium salt, it possesses unique properties that can be attributed to its structural features and charge distribution.

Key Characteristics

  • Quaternary Ammonium Compound: This compound belongs to a class known for their positive charge, making them highly soluble in water and allowing for a variety of applications in biological systems.
  • Biological Relevance: The presence of trimethylammonium groups in its structure can enhance interaction with biological membranes, potentially impacting the permeability and transport mechanisms of ions and small molecules.
  • Potential Uses: The compound finds relevance in several fields, including:
    • Pharmaceutical formulations where it may aid in drug delivery systems.
    • Surface-active agents due to its ability to reduce surface tension and enhance Wetting properties.
    • As a neurotransmitter mimetic in research involving neuronal signaling.

Chemical Interactions

Moreover, 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate is known for its ability to engage in specific ionic interactions due to its charged nature. This can lead to significant alterations in the behavior of other molecules in a solution, illustrating the delicate balance of interactions in chemical systems.

As a chemist or student of chemistry, exploring this compound not only highlights its significance in empirical studies but also underscores the broader implications of how such compounds contribute to our understanding of chemistry and biology. “Nature uses only the longest threads to weave her patterns, so each small piece of her fabric reveals the organization of the entire tapestry.” This sentiment rings true in the study of compounds like 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate, where every detail adds to the bigger picture.

Synonyms
Actinine
4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
gamma-butyrobetaine
Deoxycarnitine
407-64-7
Butyrobetaine
4-Butyrobetaine
4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
gamma-Butyrobetain
4-(N-Trimethylamino)butyrate
4-TRIMETHYLAMMONIOBUTANOATE
gamma Butyrobetaine
3-Dehydroxycarnitine
HD7GI3HY9Q
4-(trimethylamino)butanoate
CHEBI:16244
gamma-Butyrobetaine;Deoxycarnitine
gamma-Butyrobetain [German]
3-carboxypropyl-trimethyl-ammonium
N-Trimethyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid
2wsx
Ammonium, (3-carboxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt
UNII-HD7GI3HY9Q
4-trimethylazaniumylbutanoate
-Butyrobetaine;Deoxycarnitine
SCHEMBL233637
4-trimethylammoniobutanoic acid
GTPL6605
CHEMBL2074645
DTXSID00961102
JHPNVNIEXXLNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
3-Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide inner salt
BCP29262
1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt
GAMMA-BUTYROBETAINE [WHO-DD]
STL453117
1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt (9CI)
AKOS025295305
PD048099
HY-113270
CS-0059474
NS00074139
Q27073962
Butyrobetaine;4-Trimethylammoniobutanoic acid;gamma-butyrobetaine;3-Carboxylato-N pound notN pound notN-trimethyl-1-propanaminium;(4-hydroxy-4-oxobutyl)-trimethylazanium
GBB