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Chloramphenicol

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Identification
Molecular formula
C11H12Cl2N2O5
CAS number
56-75-7
IUPAC name
48-[3-(4-amino-5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-22-(2-amino-2-oxo-ethyl)-5,15-dichloro-2,18,32,35,37-pentahydroxy-19-[[4-methyl-2-(methylamino)pentanoyl]amino]-20,23,26,42,44-pentaoxo-7,13-dioxa-21,24,27,41,43-pentazaoctacyclo[26.14.2.23,6.214,17.18,12.129,33.010,25.034,39]pentaconta-3,5,8(48),9,11,14,16,29(45),30,32,34(39),35,37,46,49-pentadecaene-40-carboxylic acid
State
State

Chloramphenicol is solid at room temperature. It is typically prepared and handled in its crystalline form.

Melting point (Celsius)
149.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
422.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
323.13g/mol
Molar mass
323.1250g/mol
Density
1.3000g/cm3
Appearence

Chloramphenicol exists as a white to grayish-white crystalline powder. It is odorless or almost odorless and has a slightly bitter taste. The compound can sometimes appear as fine crystals and is known to be sensitive to light which can cause it to darken.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of the Compound

The compound 48-[3-(4-amino-5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-22-(2-amino-2-oxo-ethyl)-5,15-dichloro-2,18,32,35,37-pentahydroxy-19-[[4-methyl-2-(methylamino)pentanoyl]amino]-20,23,26,42,44-pentaoxo-7,13-dioxa-21,24,27,41,43-pentazaoctacyclo[26.14.2.23,6.214,17.18,12.129,33.010,25.034,39]pentaconta-3,5,8(48),9,11,14,16,29(45),30,32,34(39),35,37,46,49-pentadecaene-40-carboxylic acid (C11H12Cl2N2O5) exhibits complex solubility characteristics influenced by its multifaceted structure.

Factors that typically affect the solubility of such a compound include:

  • Polarity: With multiple hydroxyl (−OH) and amino (−NH2) groups, the compound likely showcases a significant degree of polarity, enhancing its solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrophobic regions: The presence of hydrophobic sections may reduce solubility in aqueous environments, creating a balance that may stabilize certain phases.
  • Electrostatic interactions: The charged functional groups could facilitate solubility in specific media, particularly where ionization occurs.

In summary, while the polar nature of the compound suggests some level of solubility in water, the structural complexity and hydrophobic aspects must be carefully assessed to predict its behavior in various solvents. Understanding this compound’s solubility can provide insights into its potential applications in biochemical and pharmaceutical contexts.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about the Compound

This compound, known for its intricate structure and diverse functional groups, showcases the fascinating complexity that can be found in organic chemistry. Here are some intriguing aspects of this compound:

  • Unique Structural Features: The compound contains multiple tetrahydropyran rings, which are pivotal in many bioactive molecules. These rings contribute to the compound's potential biological activity, particularly as they can enhance binding interactions in biological systems.
  • Functional Diversity: With its array of functional groups—amino, hydroxyl, and carboxylic acid—this compound is likely to engage in various chemical reactions. This versatility may also play a significant role in its potential applications in pharmaceuticals.
  • The Role of Chlorine: The presence of dichloro groups could impart unique properties to the compound, influencing its reactivity and stability. Compounds with chlorine are often utilized for their antimicrobial properties, which might suggest avenues for medicinal use.
  • Potential Medicinal Applications: Given its complex structure, this compound could be explored for potential therapeutic applications. The intricate design mimics nature's compounds that are known to exhibit biological activity, suggesting possible roles in drug development.
  • Complexity in Synthesis: The synthesis of such a complex molecule is a considerable challenge for chemists. It requires advanced knowledge of synthetic techniques, highlighting the artistry involved in building complex organic structures from simpler precursors.

As we continue to explore the realm of chemical compounds like this one, we unveil the vast possibilities and applications they hold in various fields, including medicinal chemistry, materials science, and beyond. Scientists are always in search of unique compounds that can lead to breakthroughs, making each discovery an exciting journey.

Synonyms
1404-90-6
SCHEMBL3178
CHEMBL2448935
STL483419
NCGC00016086-02
4-methyl-2-(methylamino)pentanoyl]amino}-20,23,26,42,44
48-({3-[(4-amino-5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}oxy)-22-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-5,15-dichloro-2,18,32,35,37-pentahydroxy-19-{[