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γ-Valerolactone

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H10O2
CAS number
108-29-2
IUPAC name
5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one
State
State

At room temperature, γ-valerolactone is a liquid. It is important to store it properly to avoid polymerization and oxidation, which can occur upon exposure to air.

Melting point (Celsius)
-31.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
242.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
207.50
Boiling point (Kelvin)
480.65
General information
Molecular weight
100.12g/mol
Molar mass
100.1160g/mol
Density
1.0503g/cm3
Appearence

γ-Valerolactone is a clear, oily liquid with a faint pleasant odor. It is usually colorless or pale yellow in pure form and can sometimes appear slightly yellow or amber.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one

5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one is a fascinating compound when it comes to its solubility characteristics. Generally, tetrahydrofuran derivatives exhibit varying behaviors in different solvents. In the case of 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one, the following observations can be made:

  • Polar Solvents: This compound is expected to be soluble in polar solvents such as water and alcohols due to the presence of a carbonyl group which can engage in hydrogen bonding.
  • Non-polar Solvents: It can also dissolve in non-polar solvents like hexane or toluene, although to a lesser extent, owing to its ethyl group that enhances dispersive interactions.
  • Temperature Dependence: Its solubility can be greatly influenced by temperature - generally, higher temperatures allow for increased solubility in most solvents.

As a rule of thumb, compounds containing polar functional groups such as carbonyls tend to demonstrate improved solubility in polar mediums. Furthermore, as noted in scientific literature, "the solubility of a compound can often be predicted by its structure and the nature of its functional groups."

In conclusion, the solubility of 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one varies with solvent polarity, and understanding these properties is crucial for its practical applications in chemical processes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about 5-Ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one

5-Ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one, also known as a gamma-lactone, is a fascinating compound that exhibits a range of intriguing properties and applications. Here are some key points to consider:

  • Natural Occurrence: This compound can be found in various natural sources, including fruits and other plant materials, contributing to the overall aroma and flavor profiles.
  • Versatile Applications: Gamma-lactones like 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one are often utilized in the food industry as flavoring agents. Their sweet, creamy, and coconut-like flavors make them popular in food production.
  • Fragrance Industry: In addition to its use in food, this compound is employed in the formulation of fragrances and perfumes, where it adds depth and complexity to various scents.
  • Synthetic Pathways: The synthesis of 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one can be accomplished through several organic reactions, highlighting its significance in organic chemistry and the development of synthetic methodologies.
  • Biodegradability: Research indicates that compounds like 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one are biodegradable, aligning with modern sustainability goals and their potential role in green chemistry.
  • Research Potential: Ongoing studies are exploring the bioactivity of gamma-lactones, including 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one, for potential therapeutic applications in pharmaceuticals.

In summary, 5-ethyltetrahydrofuran-2-one exemplifies the intersection of nature and chemistry, serving crucial roles in both food and fragrance while presenting opportunities for further exploration in scientific research. Its unique structural features and diverse applications make it a compound of great interest in both academic and industrial settings.

Synonyms
gamma-Caprolactone
695-06-7
gamma-Hexalactone
gamma-Hexanolactone
4-Hexanolide
Tonkalide
Toukalide
2(3H)-Furanone, 5-ethyldihydro-
Hexanolide-1,4
Hexan-4-olide
4-Ethyl-4-butanolide
4-Hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone
gamma-Ethylbutyrolactone
5-Ethyltetrahydro-2-furanone
.gamma.-Caprolactone
gamma-Ethyl-n-butyrolactone
5-ETHYLDIHYDRO-2(3H)-FURANONE
.gamma.-Hexalactone
FEMA No. 2556
.gamma.-Ethylbutyrolactone
NSC 24255
NSC 134769
Dihydro-5-ethyl-2(3H)-furanone
.gamma.-Ethyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone
EINECS 211-778-8
4-Ethyl-4-hydroxybutanoic acid lactone
BRN 0107260
gamma-Ethyl-gamma-butyrolactone
J16NAT1G41
DTXSID8041298
CHEBI:85235
Hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, gamma-lactone
AI3-36655
NSC-24255
NSC-134769
.GAMMA.-CAPROLACTONE-
GAMMA-HEXALACTONE [FCC]
DTXCID6021298
.GAMMA.-HEXALACTONE [FHFI]
5-17-09-00040 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
6caprolactone
gammaHexalactone
gammacaprolactone
Hexan4olide
gammaHexanolactone
4Ethyl4butanolide
Hexanolide1,4
gammaEthylbutyrolactone
gammaEthylnbutyrolactone
5Ethyltetrahydro2furanone
GAMMA-CAPROLACTONE-
5Ethyldihydro2(3H)furanone
4Hydroxyhexanoic acid lactone
2(3H)Furanone, 5ethyldihydro
GAMMA-CAPROLACTONE [INCI]
4Ethyl4hydroxybutanoic acid lactone
Hexanoic acid, 4hydroxy, gammalactone
(+-)-.gamma.-ethyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone
(+-)-.gamma.-hexalactone
(+-)-4-ethylbutyrolactone
(+-)-gamma-ethyl-gamma-butyrolactone
(+-)-gamma-hexalactone
6-Caprolactone
5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
5-ethyloxolan-2-one
Frutinal
MFCD00005401
.gamma.-Hexanolactone
(R)-5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
g-Hexalactone
CHEMBL192458
(+/-)-.GAMMA.-HEXALACTONE
(+/-)-4-ETHYLBUTYROLACTONE
63357-95-9
(+/-)-.GAMMA.-ETHYL-.GAMMA.-BUTYROLACTONE
Hexanoic acid, .gamma.-lactone
UNII-J16NAT1G41
-Hexalactone
??-caprolactone
4-Ethylbutanolide
hexa-4-olide
4-Hydroxyhexanoate
gamma -Caprolactone
4-hydroxy-Hexanoate
starbld0016506
.GAMMA.-LACTONE
2(3H)-Furanone, 5-ethyldihydro-, (R)-
gamma-Caprolactone, 98%
|A-Hexalactone (Standard)
SCHEMBL36360
.gamma.-Ethyl-n-butyrolactone
5-Ethyl-dihydro-furan-2-one
4-hydroxy-Hexanoic acid lactone
(+/-)-GAMMA-HEXALACTONE
5-Ethyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone #
HY-W015892R
NSC24255
Hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, lactone
Tox21_300875
AC2069
BDBM50167994
LMFA07040010
NSC134769
s6265
4-ethylbutanolide (gamma-hexalactone)
4-hydroxy-Hexanoic acid gamma-lactone
gamma-Hexalactone, analytical standard
AKOS015908187
CS-W016608
DS-6470
gamma-Hexalactone, natural, 97%, FG
HY-W015892
SB47678
gamma-Hexalactone, >=98%, FCC, FG
NCGC00248198-01
NCGC00254779-01
CAS-695-06-7
SY015382
DB-055288
DS-016225
H0514
Hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, .gamma.-lactone
NS00012560
(+/-)-GAMMA-ETHYL-GAMMA-BUTYROLACTONE
EN300-156820
gamma-Caprolactone, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%
gamma-Ethyl-gamma-butyrolactone, gamma-Caprolactone
Q27158424
Z1255423463