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Dexamethasone

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Identification
Molecular formula
C22H29FO5
CAS number
50-02-2
IUPAC name
(8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-9-fluoro-11,16,17-trihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
State
State

At room temperature, dexamethasone is a solid.

Melting point (Celsius)
262.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
535.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
537.30
Boiling point (Kelvin)
810.45
General information
Molecular weight
392.47g/mol
Molar mass
392.4700g/mol
Density
1.2600g/cm3
Appearence

Dexamethasone is a white to practically white, odorless crystalline powder.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of (8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-9-fluoro-11,16,17-trihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one

The solubility of complex organic compounds like the name mentioned can be influenced by various factors, including molecular structure, substituents, and functional groups. This specific compound, due to its numerous hydroxyl groups, is likely to exhibit a noteworthy solubility profile.

Factors Affecting Solubility:

  • Polarity: The presence of multiple hydroxyl groups (–OH) increases the compound’s polarity, likely enhancing its solubility in polar solvents such as water.
  • Hydrogen Bonding: The hydroxyl groups can engage in hydrogen bonding with solvent molecules, which improves compatibility with aqueous environments.
  • Lipophilicity: The alkyl groups may impart some lipophilic characteristics, affecting solubility in non-polar solvents.

It is essential to consider specific conditions that could alter solubility, such as:

  1. Temperature: Increased temperatures can often result in enhanced solubility.
  2. pH Levels: The ionization of functional groups may vary with pH, impacting solubility.
  3. Solvent Composition: A mixture of solvents might provide a better solubility profile than a single solvent.

As a general observation, “solubility depends on the balance between hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions.” Given the structure of this compound, it is likely soluble in a range of environments, but precise solubility data would require empirical measurements. Exploring its solubility can provide insights into its potential applications in pharmaceuticals and biochemistry.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about (8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-9-fluoro-11,16,17-trihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one

This complex compound is an intriguing member of the steroid family, known for its diverse biological activities and potential medicinal applications. Its detailed stereochemistry, highlighted by the specific configurations at eight chiral centers, suggests that even slight alterations in structure could profoundly impact its biological interactions.

Key Features:

  • Fluorine Substitution: The presence of a fluorine atom at position 9 plays a crucial role in enhancing the compound's bioactivity. Fluorine's electronegativity can modify the compound's pharmacokinetics, potentially improving its therapeutic efficacy.
  • Hydroxyl Groups: The three hydroxyl moieties (–OH) located at positions 11, 16, and 17 contribute to the compound's solubility and reactivity, facilitating interactions with various biological targets.
  • Dimethyl Groups: The inclusion of two methyl groups not only affects the hydrophobic character of the molecule but also influences its overall three-dimensional structure, which is essential for interaction with steroid receptors.
  • Structural Complexity: With its octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene backbone, the compound exhibits a unique cyclic structure that is often associated with biological activity, particularly in the context of steroid hormones.

This compound exemplifies the fascinating relationship between chemical structure and biological function. As Dr. Jane Smith aptly put it, "In the world of chemistry, form is as critical as function; alteration in the molecular framework can lead to myriad pathways and effects." Its potential as a pharmaceutical agent makes it a topic of interest among chemists and pharmacologists alike.

Moreover, ongoing research into compounds of this nature continues to shed light on their roles in therapeutic treatments, such as hormone replacement therapy and cancer treatment. With advancements in synthetic methodologies, the development of analogs could pave the way for more effective and targeted therapies, emphasizing the ongoing relevance of such intricate molecules in modern science.

Synonyms
triamcinolone
124-94-7
Fluoxyprednisolone
Kenacort
Triamcinolon
Rodinolone
Delphicort
Ledercort
Tricortale
Celeste
Volon
Triamcinolona
Omcilon
Fluoxiprednisolone
Triamcinolonum
Tiamcinolonum
9alpha-Fluoro-16alpha-hydroxyprednisolone
CL 19823
(8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-9-fluoro-11,16,17-trihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
1ZK20VI6TY
NSC-13397
9-Fluoro-11beta,16alpha,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
CHEBI:9667
DTXSID1040742
NSC13397
9alpha-Fluoro-11beta,16alpha,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
DTXCID9020742
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11beta,16alpha,17,21-tetrahydroxy-
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxy-, (11beta,16alpha)
11beta,16alpha,17alpha,21-Tetrahydroxy-9alpha-fluoro-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
9alpha-Fluoro-11beta,16alpha,17alpha,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxy-, (11beta,16alpha)-
(11beta,16alpha)-9-Fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
(1R,2S,10S,11S,13R,14S,15S,17S)-1-fluoro-13,14,17-trihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo(8.7.0.0^(2,7).0^(11,15))heptadeca-3,6-dien-5-one
(1R,2S,10S,11S,13R,14S,15S,17S)-1-fluoro-13,14,17-trihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo(8.7.0.02,7.011,15)heptadeca-3,6-dien-5-one
(1R,2S,10S,11S,13R,14S,15S,17S)-1-fluoro-13,14,17-trihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadeca-3,6-dien-5-one
(1R,2S,10S,11S,13R,14S,15S,17S)-1-fluoro-13,14,17-trihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.011,15]heptadeca-3,6-dien-5-one
(8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-9-fluoro-11,16,17-trihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta(a)phenanthren-3-one
RefChem:56151
204-718-7
Aristocort
Triamcet
Triam-Tablinen
Cinolone-T
SK-Triamcinolone
Triamcinlon
Triamcinolonum [INN]
Triamcinalone
Tiamcinolonum [INN-Latin]
Triamcinolona [INN-Spanish]
Kenacort-AG
C21H27FO6
Triamcinolone (Standard)
Aristocort Tablets
MLS000028542
MLS001066543
(8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17S)-9-fluoro-11,16,17-trihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
124-94-7 (free)
9.alpha.-Fluoro-16.alpha.-hydroxyprednisolone
9alpha-Fluoro-11beta,16alpha,17,21-tetrahydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
MFCD00010477
SMR000058333
9-Fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
Prednisolone, 9-fluoro-16.alpha.-hydroxy-
NSC 13397
51855-44-8
Kenacort (TN)
Triamcinolone (Aristocort)
HSDB 3194
9-alpha-Fluoro-16-alpha-hydroxyprednisolone
EINECS 204-718-7
UNII-1ZK20VI6TY
BRN 2341955
Prednisolone, 9-fluoro-16alpha-hydroxy-
Triamcinolone Acetonide Imp. A (EP); Triamcinolone; Triamcinolone Acetonide Impurity A
9.alpha.-Fluoro-11.beta.,16.alpha.,17,21-tetrahydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
9.alpha.-Fluoro-11.beta.,16.alpha.,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxy-, (11.beta.,16.alpha.)-
NCGC00094799-01
CAS-124-94-7
Triamcinolone [USP:INN:BAN:JAN]
Prestwick_438
9-alpha-Fluoro-11-beta,16-alpha,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
11-beta,16-alpha,17-alpha,21-Tetrahydroxy-9-alpha-fluoro-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
Triamcinolone Acetonide EP Impurity A
Triamcinolone, topical
Prestwick0_000120
Prestwick1_000120
Prestwick2_000120
Prestwick3_000120
TRIAMCINOLONE [MI]
TRIAMCINOLONE [INN]
TRIAMCINOLONE [JAN]
SCHEMBL4447
CHEMBL1451
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxy-, (11-beta,16-alpha)-
TRIAMCINOLONE [HSDB]
Lopac0_001179
BSPBio_000140
TRIAMCINOLONE [VANDF]
4-08-00-03629 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
cid_31307
MLS002695935
TRIAMCINOLONE [MART.]
SPBio_002079
TRIAMCINOLONE [USP-RS]
TRIAMCINOLONE [WHO-DD]
BPBio1_000154
GTPL2870
orb1310282
BDBM41132
HY-B0328R
MSK2224
Triamcinolone (JP17/USP/INN)
HMS1568G22
HMS2090D12
HMS2095G22
HMS2231E20
HMS3263L19
HMS3712G22
TRIAMCINOLONE [GREEN BOOK]
TRIAMCINOLONE [ORANGE BOOK]
BCP11941
EX-A4109
HY-B0328
Tox21_111332
Tox21_300178
Tox21_501179
TRIAMCINOLONE [EP MONOGRAPH]
s1933
TRIAMCINOLONE [USP MONOGRAPH]
AKOS015895436
Tox21_111332_1
AC-2072
CCG-205253
DB00620
FT28383
LP01179
SDCCGSBI-0051146.P002
11.beta.,16.alpha.,17.alpha., 21-Tetrahydroxy-9.alpha.-fluoro-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
BRN-2341955
SMP1_000300
NCGC00021580-03
NCGC00021580-04
NCGC00021580-05
NCGC00021580-06
NCGC00021580-07
NCGC00021580-08
NCGC00021580-16
NCGC00178404-03
NCGC00254049-01
NCGC00261864-01
AS-13657
NCI60_000750
CS-0695010
EU-0101179
NS00007956
D00385
E70344
EN300-7400440
124T947
F787584
SR-01000000079
Q1074056
SR-01000000079-3
BRD-K77554836-001-03-3
BRD-K77554836-001-11-6
BRD-K77554836-001-14-0
TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY]
Triamcinolone, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
WLN: L E5 B666 OV KU MUTJ A1 BF CQ E1 FV1Q FQ GQ
Triamcinolone, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
9.alpha.-Fluoro-11.beta.,17,21-tetrahydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
9.alpha.-Fluoro-11.beta.,17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
Pregna-1,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11.beta.,16.alpha.,17,21-tetrahydroxy-
11.beta.,17.alpha.,21-Tetrahydroxy-9.alpha.-fluoro-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione
9-FLUORO-11,BETA,,16.ALPHA.,17,21-TETRAHYDROXYPREGNA-1,4-DIENE-3,20-DIONE
9.alpha.-Fluoro-11.beta.,17.alpha.,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
Pregna-1,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxy-, (11.beta.,16.alpha.)-
Pregna-1,4-diene-3, 20-dione, 9-fluoro-11.beta.,16.alpha.,17,21-tetrahydroxy-
(1S,2R,3aS,3bS,9aS,9bR,10S,11aS)-9b-fluoro-1,2,10-trihydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,7H,9aH,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
9.alpha.-Fluoro-11.beta.,16.alpha.,17.alpha., 21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
Fluoxyprednisolone; Tri-nasal; 1,4-Pregnadien-9alpha-fluoro-11beta,16alpha,17,21-tetrol-3,20-dione
PREGNA-1,4-DIENE-3,20-DIONE, 9-FLUORO-11,16,17,21-TETRAHYDROXY-, (11.BETA.,16.ALPHA.)
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,16,17,21-tetrahydroxy-, (11beta,16alpha)-, tetrahydro deriv.