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Acetic Acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C2H4O2
CAS number
64-19-7
IUPAC name
acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium hydride
State
State

Liquid at room temperature.

Melting point (Celsius)
16.50
Melting point (Kelvin)
289.65
Boiling point (Celsius)
117.90
Boiling point (Kelvin)
391.05
General information
Molecular weight
60.05g/mol
Molar mass
60.0520g/mol
Density
1.0490g/cm3
Appearence

Acetic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent vinegar-like odor. It is commonly found in a diluted form as vinegar and is miscible with water, alcohol, and ether.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Acetic Acid

Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a versatile compound characterized by its remarkable solubility properties.

  • Highly Soluble in Water: Acetic acid is completely miscible with water, making it an effective solvent for various applications.
  • Polarity: The polar functional group (-COOH) contributes to its solubility, allowing it to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
  • Miscibility with Organic Solvents: Acetic acid can also mix well with many organic solvents, including ethanol and ether, enhancing its utility in organic synthesis.

In summary, acetic acid's solubility is a key factor in its numerous uses in chemical processes and formulations.


Solubility of 2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal

2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal is an interesting compound known for its complexity in solubility.

  • Water Solubility: Due to the presence of five hydroxyl groups, it exhibits high solubility in water.
  • Polarity: The abundant hydroxyl groups create strong interactions with water, aiding in the dissolution process.
  • Organic Solvent Interaction: Solubility in organic solvents may vary, largely depending on the solvent's polarity.

The strong hydrogen bonding capabilities of this compound significantly affect its solubility behavior.


Solubility of Sodium Hydride

Sodium hydride is a notable compound with unique solubility characteristics.

  • Solubility in Water: Sodium hydride is insoluble in water due to its ionic nature.
  • Reactivity with Water: When in contact with water, it reacts vigorously to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, thereby limiting its solubility.
  • Solubility in Organic Solvents: Sodium hydride dissolves well in non-polar organic solvents, adding to its utility in organic synthesis.

In conclusion, while sodium hydride's solubility in water is minimal, its behavior in organic media highlights its importance in various organic reactions.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Acetic Acid

Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a fundamental compound in both organic chemistry and biochemistry. It serves as a key ingredient in various applications, ranging from food preservation to industrial processes. Here are some fascinating insights:

  • Culinary Uses: Acetic acid is primarily recognized as the main component of vinegar, commonly used in cooking and food preservation. Its characteristic sour taste is essential for flavoring various dishes.
  • Biological Importance: Acetic acid plays a vital role in cellular metabolism. It is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and is a precursor for the production of other biochemical compounds.
  • Industrial Applications: Beyond its culinary role, acetic acid is a valuable raw material for producing numerous industrial chemicals, including plastics, solvents, and synthetic fibers.
  • Green Chemistry: The production of acetic acid through biofermentation highlights its potential for sustainability. Microorganisms convert biomass into acetic acid, reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Interesting Facts about 2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal

2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal, a complex sugar alcohol, boasts a unique structure and fascinating properties. Here are some intriguing details:

  • Natural Occurrence: This compound can be found in various natural sources, particularly in certain plants and fruits, playing a role in their biochemical pathways.
  • Potential Health Benefits: Due to its sugar alcohol nature, it presents interesting possibilities for low-calorie sweeteners, potentially beneficial for individuals managing sugar intake.
  • Research Applications: Scientists are exploring 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal for its potential applications in pharmaceuticals and biochemistry, particularly in developing novel therapeutic agents.

Interesting Facts about Sodium Hydride

Sodium hydride (NaH) is a powerful and versatile chemical that is noteworthy in both laboratory settings and industrial applications. Consider the following points:

  • Strong Base: Sodium hydride is classified as a strong base, making it an essential reagent in organic synthesis. It is often employed to deprotonate compounds to facilitate further reactions.
  • Reactant in Synthesis: In the laboratory, NaH is commonly used in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including the generation of carbanions and the reduction of carbonyl groups.
  • Handling Precautions: Due to its reactivity with water, sodium hydride must be handled with care. It reacts vigorously with moisture, producing hydrogen gas, which can pose explosion risks.
  • Applications in Metal Hydrides: Sodium hydride is utilized in the production of metal hydrides, which are valuable in hydrogen storage and energy applications.