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Acetic Acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C2H4O2
CAS number
64-19-7
IUPAC name
acetic acid;diethyl hydrogen phosphite;mercury
State
State

At room temperature, acetic acid is typically a liquid.

Melting point (Celsius)
16.60
Melting point (Kelvin)
289.75
Boiling point (Celsius)
118.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
391.15
General information
Molecular weight
60.05g/mol
Molar mass
60.0520g/mol
Density
1.0490g/cm3
Appearence

Acetic acid is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic pungent vinegar-like odor. It is often seen in solutions or as a component of vinegar.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Acetic Acid

Acetic acid (C₂H₄O₂), a simple carboxylic acid, is known for its excellent solubility in water. This property can be attributed to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, leading to a highly miscible solution. Here are some key points regarding its solubility:

  • Highly soluble: Acetic acid is miscible in water at all concentrations.
  • Polar nature: The polar molecular structure contributes significantly to its solubility.
  • Temperature dependence: Solubility can increase with an increase in temperature.

Solubility of Diethyl Hydrogen Phosphite

Diethyl hydrogen phosphite (C₄H₉O₄P) is moderately soluble in water. Its solubility profile is influenced by the presence of the phosphite functional group, which can participate in hydrogen bonding. Consider these aspects of its solubility:

  • Moderate solubility: It dissolves in water but to a lesser extent than acetic acid.
  • Influence of organic solvents: It shows better solubility in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.
  • pH dependent: Changes in pH can also affect its solubility in aqueous solutions.

Solubility of Mercury

Mercury (Hg), a heavy metal, exhibits very low solubility in water. Its behavior indicates a strong tendency to remain as a solid or as a liquid phase rather than a dissolved species. Key points about mercury solubility include:

  • Insoluble in water: Mercury does not dissolve well in water, making it a hydrophobic substance.
  • Soluble in non-polar solvents: It can dissolve in non-polar organic solvents, such as ethanol.
  • Toxicity considerations: Its low solubility also raises concerns regarding environmental and biological impacts due to potential accumulation.
Interesting facts

Acetic Acid

Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is a versatile and pivotal compound within the realm of organic chemistry. Here are some intriguing aspects:

  • Historical Significance: Acetic acid has been utilized since ancient times, with evidence of its production dating back to the Babylonians who used vinegar made from acetic acid for culinary and medicinal purposes.
  • Role in Biochemistry: This compound is not just a staple in the kitchen; it is also a critical component in numerous metabolic processes, particularly in the form of acetyl-CoA, which is vital for the Krebs cycle.
  • Industrial Applications: Acetic acid serves as a precursor to many important chemicals, including acetate esters, which are used in solvents and plastics. It’s also used in the production of vinegar, which plays a significant role in food preservation and flavoring.
  • Environmental Interaction: Acetic acid can be seen as a contributor to the natural oxidation process in the environment and plays a role in the formation of certain acids within the atmosphere.

Diethyl Hydrogen Phosphite

Diethyl hydrogen phosphite is a fascinating organophosphorus compound that straddles the line between utility and curiosity in chemical research. Here are a few notable points:

  • Intermediate Use: It is often utilized as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various phosphorus-containing compounds, which play crucial roles in agriculture and industry.
  • Pesticide Relevance: Compounds derived from diethyl hydrogen phosphite have applications in agricultural pesticides, highlighting its importance in crop protection.
  • Resilient Chemistry: Known for its strong nucleophilic properties, diethyl hydrogen phosphite can engage in various chemical reactions, making it a valuable compound for synthetic chemists seeking versatile reagents.
  • Phosphorus Chemistry: The compound underscores the broader significance of phosphorus chemistry, especially in the domain of materials science and biochemical research.

Mercury

Mercury is a unique element renowned for its exceptional properties and complex history. Consider the following facts:

  • Elemental Uniqueness: Mercury is one of the few metals that is liquid at room temperature, allowing for intriguing applications such as in thermometers and barometers.
  • Historical Usage: Historically, mercury has been used in various industrial applications and even in medicine. However, it is important to note that its use has significantly declined due to toxicity concerns.
  • Environmental Concerns: Mercury is a persistent environmental pollutant. It bioaccumulates in aquatic organisms, leading to serious health risks for wildlife and humans through the food chain.
  • Cultural Significance: Throughout history, mercury has held a place in various cultural artifacts and alchemical practices, symbolizing transformation and mystery.