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Ammonium chloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
NH4Cl
CAS number
12125-02-9
IUPAC name
ammonium;chloride
State
State

At room temperature, ammonium chloride is generally in a solid state, forming colorless crystals or a white powder.

Melting point (Celsius)
338.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
611.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
520.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
793.00
General information
Molecular weight
53.49g/mol
Molar mass
53.4910g/mol
Density
1.5270g/cm3
Appearence

Ammonium chloride appears as a white crystalline solid. It can also appear in powder form. It is odorless, but it has a saline taste.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Ammonium Chloride

Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), a white crystalline salt, is highly soluble in water. Its solubility characteristics make it a noteworthy compound in various applications.

Key Points about Solubility:

  • High Solubility: Ammonium chloride can dissolve effectively in water, with a solubility of approximately 37.2 g/100 mL at room temperature.
  • Temperature Dependency: The solubility increases with temperature; thus, heating the solution can enhance the dissolution process.
  • Solvent Behavior: As an ionic compound, it dissociates into ammonium cations (NH4+) and chloride anions (Cl-) when dissolved in water.
  • Other Solvents: While primarily soluble in water, its solubility in organic solvents is generally low, which is typical for ionic compounds.

In certain conditions, NH4Cl can form a saturated solution, and it is essential in industries such as fertilizers, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. The compound's properties not only aid in its utilization but also accentuate the fundamental relationship between ionic compounds and their solubility in a polar solvent like water.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Ammonium Chloride

Ammonium chloride, a versatile and intriguing compound, is often found in both nature and various industrial applications. Here are some fascinating aspects of ammonium chloride:

  • Historical Significance: Ammonium chloride has been recognized since ancient times. It was used in traditional Chinese medicine and has played a role in agriculture as a nitrogen source for crops.
  • Composition: This compound consists of NH4+ cations and Cl- anions, making it a type of ionic salt that is formed from the combination of ammonia and hydrochloric acid.
  • Uses in Industry: Ammonium chloride serves multiple purposes, including:
    • As a fertilizer, providing essential nitrogen to plants.
    • In the food industry, it acts as a flavoring agent, particularly in certain types of snacks and candies.
    • In the production of nitramines, which are used as explosives.
    • In the manufacturing of batteries, refrigerants, and as a flux in metalworking.
  • Biological Importance: In the human body, ammonium chloride can regulate acid-base balance, making it significant in physiological processes.
  • Safety Considerations: While generally regarded as safe, exposure to high concentrations of ammonium chloride can lead to respiratory issues, emphasizing the need for proper handling protocols in industrial settings.

In summary, ammonium chloride is not just a simple compound but a remarkable substance with a rich history and a multitude of applications in both science and everyday life. Whether in fertilizers, food, or industrial processes, its significance is undeniable!

Synonyms
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
12125-02-9
Ammonium muriate
Salmiac
Sal ammoniac
Ammoniumchlorid
Darammon
Amchlor
Ammoneric
Ammoniumklorid
Chlorammonic
Ammonchlor
Chloramon
Elektrolyt
Salammonite
Sal ammonia
Ammon Chlor
Ammonii Chloridum
Ammonium Chloratum
Cloruro de Amonio
Muriate of Ammonia
Gen-Diur (Spain)
Amoklor
Chlorid ammonia
Chlorid amonny
azanium chloride
Ammonium Chloride Tablets
Ammonium Chloride Injection
Chlorammonic [France]
Salammoniacus
CCRIS 7262
HSDB 483
Catalyst rd
Ammonium chloride 2.14%
Ammonium muriaticum
EINECS 235-186-4
UNII-01Q9PC255D
AI3-08937
01Q9PC255D
Ins no.510
Ammonium chloride in plastic container
Ins-510
Ammonium chloride 0.9% in normal saline
Ammonium chloride [USP:JAN]
DTXSID0020078
FEMA NO. 4494
CHEBI:31206
EC 235-186-4
Chlorammonic (France)
E 510
E-510
(NH4)Cl
[NH4]Cl
Ammonium chloride (USP:JAN)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (II)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [II]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (MART.)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MART.]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (USP-RS)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [USP-RS]
Ammoniac, Sal
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (EP MONOGRAPH)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [EP MONOGRAPH]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (USP MONOGRAPH)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Chloride, Ammonium
Quelidrine
Pectomed
Dytuss
Conclyte-A
AMCHLORIDE
COLDS COUGHS
FUS-SOL
DTXCID3078
Pesticide Code: 129014.
(Component of) PV Tussin Syrup
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (NH4CL)
235-186-4
ammonium chloride (acgih)
Ammonium chloride ((NH4)Cl)
Ammonium-15N chloride
NH4Cl
ammoniumchloride
Ammonium-15N,d4 chloride
Ammonium chloride fume
Chlorid amonny [Czech]
Ammoniumchlorid [German]
Chlorid ammonia [Czech]
ammonium chlorid
ammonium choride
ammonium cloride
amonium chloride
ammonium-chloride
chloride ammonium
ammoniurn chloride
amrnonium chloride
arnmonium chloride
Ammonium chloride (NH4)(HCl2))
ammonia hydrochloride
Conclyte-A (TN)
ammonia hydrochloride-
ammonium chloride salt
99011-95-7
Ammonium chloride ACS grade
Ammonium chloride - $-beta
Ammonium chloride - $-alpha
Ammonium chloride (JAN/USP)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [MI]
Ammonium chloride, Puratronic?
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [FCC]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [JAN]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [HSDB]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [VANDF]
AMMONIUM MURIATICUM [HPUS]
HMS5087F09
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [WHO-DD]
BCP29846
Saturated Ammonium Chloride solution
Ammonium chloride, biochemical grade
MFCD00143604
AKOS015833109
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [GREEN BOOK]
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE [ORANGE BOOK]
DB06767
FA47047
DA-50427
SY226839
A2037
NS00075783
ai3-08937;Chloride, Ammonium;Ammoniac, Sal
Ammonium chloride 20% (w/w) aqueous solution
D01139
Ammonium chloride, trace metals grade, 99.97%