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Benzalkonium chloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
C27H42ClN
CAS number
8001-54-5
IUPAC name
benzyl-dimethyl-octadecyl-ammonium
State
State

At room temperature, benzalkonium chloride is typically a liquid, but can also be found in solid form, especially when pure. In commercial preparations, it is usually dissolved in water, forming a clear to slightly hazy solution.

Melting point (Celsius)
-20.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
253.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
100.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
373.15
General information
Molecular weight
339.00g/mol
Molar mass
339.0000g/mol
Density
0.9800g/cm3
Appearence

Benzalkonium chloride is a colorless to pale yellow compound. It typically appears as a viscous liquid or a damp solid and is often supplied in aqueous solution form. The commercial product does not have a single composition but is a mixture of compounds of various alkyl chain lengths.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Benzyl-Dimethyl-Octadecyl-Ammonium

Benzyl-dimethyl-octadecyl-ammonium, often referred to in short as Bz-DMDA, exhibits unique solubility characteristics due to its quaternary ammonium structure. Its solubility can be influenced by several factors:

  • Solvent Type: This compound is generally more soluble in organic solvents compared to water. A few examples of good solvents include:
    • Chloroform
    • Acetone
    • Methyl ethyl ketone
    • Ethyl acetate
    • Common oils
  • Temperature: Solubility tends to increase with temperature, making warm solvents more effective in dissolving this compound.
  • Chain Length: The long octadecyl chain imparts significant hydrophobic characteristics, thus limiting solubility in polar solvents.

It is often stated that "the longer the hydrocarbon chain, the less soluble the compound tends to be in water." Hence, in aqueous environments, the solubility of Bz-DMDA is quite low. This property is crucial in applications such as:

  • Emulsification
  • Surfactant behavior
  • Phase transfer catalysis

The low solubility in water reinforces its role as an effective surfactant and antimicrobial agent in various formulations, enhancing its functional utility in both industrial and research settings.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Benzyl-Dimethyl-Octadecyl-Ammonium

Benzyl-dimethyl-octadecyl-ammonium, often abbreviated as BDOA, is a fascinating quaternary ammonium compound that plays a significant role in various applications. Known primarily for its surfactant properties, this compound is a key player in several industries.

Key Applications

  • Surfactants: BDOA is commonly used as a surfactant in various formulations, aiding in the reduction of surface tension.
  • Antimicrobial Agent: This compound exhibits antimicrobial activity, making it valuable in sanitizers and disinfectants.
  • Preservative: BDOA is used in cosmetics and personal care products for its ability to preserve and extend product shelf life.

Unique Properties

Some of the most interesting properties of benzyl-dimethyl-octadecyl-ammonium include:

  • Surface Activity: Its surfactant nature allows it to effectively lower the surface tension of liquids, improving solubility and dispersion of other ingredients.
  • Stability: As a quaternary ammonium compound, BDOA is stable under various environmental conditions, offering reliable performance.
  • Biodegradability: It is noteworthy that certain formulations of this compound can be biodegradable, helping to reduce environmental impact.

Noteworthy Considerations

While BDOA offers numerous benefits, here are some considerations:

  • Safety: Proper handling and usage guidelines should be followed to mitigate any potential health risks.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Users must ensure that their formulations comply with relevant regulations for safety and efficacy.

In summary, benzyl-dimethyl-octadecyl-ammonium is a versatile compound with a plethora of applications. Its unique properties make it invaluable in the fields of cosmetics, disinfectants, and beyond. As the world increasingly prioritizes sustainability, the role of BDOA and similar compounds will continue to evolve, highlighting the ever-changing landscape of chemical science.

Synonyms
37612-69-4
N,N-Dimethyl-N-octadecylbenzylammonium
UMO7T7E1XN
Benzenemethanaminium, N,N-dimethyl-N-octadecyl-
ODMBA compound
RefChem:926495
Dimethyloctadecylbenzylammonium
Octadecylbenzyldimethylammonium
UNII-UMO7T7E1XN
Benzyldimeethyloctadecylammonium
STEARALKONIUM ION
STEARALKONIUM CATION
benzyldimethylstearylammonium
dimethylstearylbenzylammonium
SCHEMBL234725
CHEMBL1180251
DTXSID7047013
NCGC00248601-01
N-benzyl-N,N-dimethyloctadecan-1-aminium
J231.895D
NS00005070
Q27291150