1,3-Butadiene | Solubility of Things

Identification

Molecular formula

C₄H₆

CAS number

106-99-0

IUPAC name

buta-1,3-diene

State

At room temperature, 1,3-butadiene is a gas. It is colorless and can form explosive mixtures with air. It is typically handled and transported as a liquefied compressed gas.

Melting point (Celsius)

-108.90

Melting point (Kelvin)

164.25

Boiling point (Celsius)

-4.40

Boiling point (Kelvin)

268.75

General information

Molecular weight

54.09g/mol

Molar mass

54.0920g/mol

Density

0.6210g/cm³

Appearence

Appearance: 1,3-Butadiene is a colorless gas with a mild aromatic or gasoline-like odor. It is usually stored as a liquefied gas under pressure.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Buta-1,3-diene

Buta-1,3-diene (C₄H₆) is a colorless gas that plays a critical role in various chemical processes, including the production of synthetic rubber. Its solubility is an important characteristic to consider, especially in industrial applications.

In terms of solubility:

Water solubility: Buta-1,3-diene has a low solubility in water, attributed to its non-polar nature. This means that it does not mix well with water, showcasing a classic principle of solubility: “like dissolves like.”
Organic solvents: However, buta-1,3-diene is quite soluble in a variety of organic solvents including hexane, benzene, and diethyl ether. This allows it to be effectively utilized in reactions that take place in organic phases.
Temperature dependence: Its solubility in organic solvents is also influenced by temperature; as the temperature increases, solubility typically increases, which is an important consideration during chemical processing.

In summary, while buta-1,3-diene is not soluble in water, it exhibits good solubility in organic solvents. Understanding these solubility characteristics is crucial for its handling and application in synthetic processes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Buta-1,3-diene

Buta-1,3-diene is a fascinating organic compound with a range of applications and properties that make it a subject of interest in the field of chemistry. Here are some key highlights:

Structure and Isomerism: Buta-1,3-diene is a conjugated diene, which means it contains two double bonds separated by a single bond. This conjugation provides unique reactivity and stability, allowing it to participate in various chemical reactions, such as polymerization.
Industrial Significance: It is primarily used in the production of synthetic rubber, particularly polybutadiene, which is an essential material in automotive tires. The ability of buta-1,3-diene to undergo polymerization leads to high-performance elastomers.
Environmental Considerations: While buta-1,3-diene is a valuable compound, it is also a volatile organic compound (VOC) that can contribute to air pollution. Scientists are investigating ways to minimize its environmental impact, making it a dual player in industry and sustainability efforts.
Health Concerns: Exposure to buta-1,3-diene has been linked to various health risks, including potential carcinogenic effects. It is important for chemists and industry professionals to adhere to safety regulations when handling this compound.
Chemical Reactions: Buta-1,3-diene can participate in different types of chemical reactions, such as the Diels-Alder reaction, where it acts as a diene. This makes it a versatile building block in organic synthesis.

As one chemistry student put it, “Buta-1,3-diene is like a dancer on a stage; its double bonds create the rhythm that enables it to perform in a variety of chemical formations.” This metaphor encapsulates the exciting nature of buta-1,3-diene’s chemical behavior.

In conclusion, buta-1,3-diene is much more than just a chemical formula; it is a compound rich in history, application, and potential—making it a vital topic of study in both academic and industrial chemistry.