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Dihydrogen phosphate

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Identification
Molecular formula
H2PO4-
CAS number
14066-19-8
IUPAC name
dihydrogen phosphate
State
State

At room temperature, dihydrogen phosphate is typically in a solid state when in the form of its salts. Its state in solution would depend on the solvent and conditions.

Melting point (Celsius)
100.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
373.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
97.99g/mol
Molar mass
97.9940g/mol
Density
2.4890g/cm3
Appearence

Dihydrogen phosphate typically appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid. It is often found in the form of its respective salts such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) or sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4). The compound is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Dihydrogen Phosphate (H2PO4-)

Dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-) is known for its significant solubility in water, making it a highly useful compound in various chemical and biological applications. Its solubility can be attributed to several key factors:

  • Ionic nature: Being a negatively charged ion, it readily interacts with water molecules, which enhances its solubility.
  • Hydration: The solvation process, where water molecules surround and stabilize the ion, plays a critical role in increasing its solubility.
  • pH dependence: The solubility of dihydrogen phosphate can also vary with pH levels, as it exists in various forms depending on the acidity of the solution.

It is important to note that when compared to other phosphate species, dihydrogen phosphate is one of the more soluble forms, which allows it to participate effectively in biochemical reactions and nutrient transport in plants and microorganisms.

In summary, the solubility of H2PO4- showcases its versatility and functional importance in aquatic environments and biological systems, enabling its role as a critical nutrient.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Dihydrogen Phosphate (H2PO4-)

Dihydrogen phosphate is an intriguing chemical compound and plays a significant role in various biological and chemical processes. Here are some key facts that highlight its importance:

  • Biological Function: Dihydrogen phosphate is a crucial component of DNA and RNA, serving as a backbone for these essential biomolecules. It is vital for genetic information storage and transfer.
  • Buffering Agent: The dihydrogen phosphate ion acts as a buffer in biological systems, helping to maintain pH levels in cells and bodily fluids. This buffering capacity is essential for optimal enzyme activity and metabolic functions.
  • Fertilizer Component: In agriculture, dihydrogen phosphate is used in fertilizers, particularly in the form of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP). Its phosphorus content is critical for plant growth and energy transfer.
  • Acidic Nature: Dihydrogen phosphate is a weak acid, which means it can donate protons to solutions, influencing their acidity. This property is particularly beneficial in laboratory settings, where precise pH control is often required.
  • Role in Energy Transfer: The dihydrogen phosphate group is part of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency in biological systems. ATP, which contains phosphates, drives numerous metabolic reactions by providing the necessary energy.

These features of dihydrogen phosphate demonstrate its multifaceted roles in both nature and industry. As a student or researcher in chemistry, understanding this compound offers insights into fundamental biochemical processes and opens the door to applications in fields such as molecular biology, agriculture, and environmental science.

Synonyms
DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE
dihydrogenphosphate
DIHYDROGENPHOSPHATE ION
Phosphate, dihydrogen
14066-20-7
dihydrogentetraoxophosphate(V)
dihydrogentetraoxophosphate(1-)
dihydroxidodioxidophosphate(1-)
CHEBI:39745
dihydrogen(tetraoxidophosphate)(1-)
H2PO4(-)
(PO2(OH)2)(-)
[PO2(OH)2](-)
H2PO4-
DTXSID40930897
BDBM50155534
DB02831
NS00129655
Q27093789
Q27110323