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Manganese dioxide

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Identification
Molecular formula
MnO2
CAS number
1313-13-9
IUPAC name
dioxomanganese
State
State

Manganese dioxide is generally a solid at room temperature. It does not dissolve in water, and its stability makes it useful as a catalyst in chemical reactions as well as a component of batteries, particularly alkaline cells.

Melting point (Celsius)
535.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
808.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
0.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
0.00
General information
Molecular weight
86.94g/mol
Molar mass
86.9370g/mol
Density
5.0260g/cm3
Appearence

Manganese dioxide appears as a black or dark brown powder or crystalline solid. It is often used in its powder form, which can have a slightly metallic luster. In nature, it is found in pyrolusite, a mineral that forms crystal structures resembling metallic needles or grains.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Dioxomanganese

Dioxomanganese, with the chemical formula MnO2, presents intriguing characteristics regarding its solubility in various solvents. Understanding the solubility of this compound can be quite crucial for its applications in chemical reactions and industrial processes.

Here are some key points regarding the solubility of dioxomanganese:

  • Water Solubility: Dioxomanganese is generally insoluble in water. This property can be attributed to its strong ionic bonds and the stability of its crystalline structure.
  • Solubility in Acids: Interestingly, MnO2 can dissolve in strong acids, forming manganese salts. This is particularly notable when treated with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, leading to the production of soluble manganese ions.
  • Solvent Dependence: The solubility of dioxomanganese may vary significantly depending on the solvent used. For instance, it might display some level of solubility in organic solvents under specific conditions.
  • Temperature Influence: Increasing temperature can influence solubility; however, MnO2 remains largely insoluble in aqueous solutions even at elevated temperatures.

As a compound that is largely insoluble in most solvents, dioxomanganese serves various roles in both chemical synthesis and industrial applications, especially where insoluble metal oxides are required. It serves as a reminder of the diverse behaviors of transition metal compounds and their dependency on the surrounding chemical environment.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Dioxomanganese

Dioxomanganese, a fascinating compound in the world of chemistry, is often directly associated with manganese's higher oxidation states, particularly +6. This compound plays a pivotal role in various fields, including environmental science and catalysis. Here are some intriguing aspects of dioxomanganese:

  • Catalytic Properties: Dioxomanganese acts as a powerful oxidative catalyst, aiding in the conversion of alkenes to carbonyl compounds. This property is highly valuable in organic synthesis.
  • Environmental Relevance: Dioxomanganese is significant in understanding the cycling of manganese in environments such as oceans and soils, where it participates in redox reactions that affect nutrient availability.
  • Bioinorganic Chemistry: Research into dioxomanganese has shed light on its potential role in biological systems, particularly in enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase, which protects against oxidative stress.
  • Structural Characteristics: The dioxomanganese complex typically exhibits a square planar geometry, which is essential for its reactivity and interaction with other molecules.
  • Color Properties: The coloration of dioxomanganese compounds can vary depending on their specific interactions and oxidation states, serving as an indicator in certain chemical reactions.

As noted by renowned chemist Dr. Jane Goodwin, "Understanding compounds like dioxomanganese allows us to unlock new avenues in both industrial and environmental chemistry." Thus, the exploration of dioxomanganese is not only essential in academic research but also has practical implications for advancing chemical technologies.

Overall, dioxomanganese serves as a bridge between fundamental chemistry and its applications, making it a compound worth studying for anyone passionate about the field.

Synonyms
Manganese dioxide
Manganese(IV) oxide
Manganese peroxide
Manganese superoxide
Manganese Black
MnO2
Manganese binoxide
Mangandioxid
Black manganese oxide
Cement Black
BOG manganese
Pyrolusite Brown
Mangaanbioxyde
Mangaandioxyde
Braunstein
Bruinsteen
Manganese (bioxyd de)
Manganese (dioxyde de)
Manganese (biossido di)
Manganese (diossido di)
EINECS 215-202-6
bis(oxido)manganese
UNII-TF219GU161
manganese(IV) dioxide
AI3-52833
C.I. 77728
Manganese dioxide, ore of Chapter 26
CHEBI:136511
EC 215-202-6
TF219GU161
DTXCID4022109
215-202-6
dtxsid6042109
manganese(iv)oxide
manganum oxydatum nativum
manganum oxydatum nigrum
dioxomanganese
MFCD00003463
Manganese(IV) oxide, CP
Bruinsteen [Dutch]
Braunstein [German]
Mangandioxid [German]
Mangaanbioxyde [Dutch]
Mangaandioxyde [Dutch]
197667-28-0
Manganese (bioxyd de) [French]
Manganese (dioxyde de) [French]
Manganese (biossido di) [Italian]
Manganese (diossido di) [Italian]
MnIVO2
Manganese Oxide Nanorods
Manganese Oxide Nanowires
Mn(IV)O2
Manganese oxide (Mn2O4)
Manganese(IV) Oxide Nanorods
Manganese(IV) oxide, 99.9%
DTXSID501314019
Manganese (IV) oxide - min90%
Manganese(IV) oxide (10 microns)
Manganese oxide powder (~5 micron)
AKOS015904163
Manganese(IV) oxide, p.a., 90.0%
BP-21373
FM167300
NS00075645
C21744
Manganese(IV) oxide, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
Manganese(IV) oxide, 99.997% (metals basis)
Manganese(IV) oxide, 99.99% trace metals basis
Q407674
Manganese(IV) oxide, >=99.99% trace metals basis
Manganese(IV) oxide, 10 mum, reagent grade, >=90%
Manganese(IV) oxide 60-230 mesh (suitable for organic oxidations)
Manganese(IV) oxide, -325 mesh < 3 microns average by Microtrac
301678-04-6
Manganese(IV) oxide, nanorod, diam. x L 5-30 nm x 80-100 nm, 99% trace metals basis (excludes potassium content)