Hafnium | Solubility of Things

Identification

Molecular formula

CAS number

7440-58-6

IUPAC name

hafnium

State

Hafnium is a solid at room temperature. It forms a compact structure and is known for its high melting and boiling points.

Melting point (Celsius)

2 233.00

Melting point (Kelvin)

2 506.00

Boiling point (Celsius)

4 602.00

Boiling point (Kelvin)

4 875.00

General information

Molecular weight

178.49g/mol

Molar mass

178.4900g/mol

Density

13.3100g/cm³

Appearence

Hafnium is a brilliant, silvery metal that is often described as a shiny, silver-gray with a metallic luster. It closely resembles zirconium in appearance and is typically found in combination with it in nature.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Hafnium

Hafnium is a fascinating metal with distinct properties regarding its solubility. Generally, hafnium is considered to be quite insoluble in water and other common solvents. This low solubility can be attributed to the strong metallic bonds that dominate its structure. Here are some key points about hafnium's solubility:

In Water: Hafnium does not dissolve in water, making it non-reactive in aqueous environments.
In Acids: Hafnium shows limited solubility in strong acids, such as nitric acid, where it can form complex ions.
In Alkalis: Some alkalis may react with hafnium, but the solubility remains low.
In Organic Solvents: Hafnium demonstrates minimal solubility in organic solvents, which further emphasizes its stability as a metal.

It's important to note that the overall low solubility of hafnium in various environments makes it a stable choice for high-temperature applications and in conditions where reactivity must be minimized. As one source notes, "the inert nature of hafnium under standard conditions is a key characteristic that enhances its utility in advanced material science."

This low solubility contributes positively to its performance in applications where durability and resistance to corrosion are paramount.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Hafnium

Hafnium is a fascinating transition metal that plays a significant role in various high-tech applications due to its unique properties. Here are some remarkable aspects of this intriguing element:

Atomic Number and Discovery: Hafnium has the atomic number ⁷² and was discovered in 1923 by the American chemist William G. McLennan and the Danish scientist J. M. P. L. H. C. von Hevesy. The name derives from the Latin word for Copenhagen, "Hafnia," where it was first identified.
Incomplete D-Block Elements: As a member of the d-block elements, hafnium exhibits a wide variety of oxidation states, but its most stable form is +4. This characteristic makes it vital in redox reactions.
Chemical Similarity: Hafnium is remarkably similar to zirconium, which is why it often occurs alongside it in nature. This similarity can complicate their separation during extraction, requiring advanced purification techniques.
High Neutron Absorption: One of hafnium's most crucial properties is its ability to absorb neutrons. This makes it an essential component in nuclear control rods, used to moderate nuclear reactions safely.
Applications in Electronics: Hafnium is an integral part of high-k dielectrics in modern semiconductor devices. Its ability to create thin, effective insulating layers enhances the performance of transistors, which are paramount in electronics.
Corrosion Resistance: Another notable feature is hafnium's excellent resistance to corrosion. This property allows it to perform well in harsh chemical environments, making it suitable for use in various industrial applications.

In summary, hafnium is not just another transition metal; it stands out due to its unique combination of properties and its contributions to advanced technology. Its applications in the fields of nuclear science and electronic engineering underline its importance in contemporary research and development.

Synonyms

HAFNIUM

7440-58-6

Celtium

HSDB 552

EINECS 231-166-4

UNII-X71938L1DO

X71938L1DO

DTXSID8064698

CHEBI:33343

EC 231-166-4

Hafnium metal

Elemental hafnium

DTXCID5047663

231-166-4

hafnium (acgih:osha)

Hafnium, elemental

hafnio

Hafnium standard

MFCD00011032

72Hf

Hafnium foil

Hafnium Standard: Hf @ 1000 microg/mL in 5% HCl

UN1326

UN2545

Hafnium Standard: Hf @ 10000 microg/mL in 5% HCl

Hafnium Standard: Hf @ 10000 microg/mL in 4% HNO3, 2% HF

hafnium atom

Hafnium powder

Hafnium, lump, 10 mm max. lump size, weight 100 g, purity 97.%

Hafnium, lump, 10 mm max. lump size, weight 20 g, purity 97.%

Hafnium, lump, 10 mm max. lump size, weight 50 g, purity 97.%

Hafnium powder, dry

HAFNIUM [HSDB]

HAFNIUM [MI]

Hafnium crystal bar chips

Hafnium powder, -325 mesh

HAA44058

AKOS015902742

Hafnium wire, 0.5mm (0.02in) dia

Hafnium wire, 1.0mm (0.04in) dia

Hafnium wire, 2.0mm (0.08in) dia

Hafnium rod, 6.35mm (0.25in) dia

Hafnium wire, 0.25mm (0.01in) dia

Hafnium foil, 0.75mm (0.03in) thick

Hafnium wire, 1.57mm (0.0618in) dia

Hafnium foil, 0.025mm (0.001in) thick

NS00082611

Q1119

Hafnium pieces, 3-12mm (0.12-0.47in)

Hafnium - Hf @ 1000 microg/mL in 5% HCl

Hafnium foil, 1.0mm (0.04in) thick, annealed

Hafnium foil, 0.25mm (0.01in) thick, annealed

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 50mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 100mm, diameter 1.6mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 100mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 200mm, diameter 1.6mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 200mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 200mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 500mm, diameter 1.6mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 500mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium powder, dry [UN2545] [Spontaneously combustible]

Hafnium Standard: Hf @ 1000 ug/mL in 2% HNO3/0.5%HF

Hafnium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 1.0mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 1.0mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 1000mm, diameter 1.6mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, rod, 1000mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, turnings, crystal bar, 99.7% trace metals basis

Hafnium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.14mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.015mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.02mm, 97%

Hafnium, lump, 10 mm max. lump size, weight 10 g, purity 97.%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.009mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.01mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.003mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.004mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.005mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.006mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.007mm, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.008mm, 97%

Hafnium, powder, max. particle size 45 micron, weight 20 g, purity 95.+%

Hafnium, powder, max. particle size 45 micron, weight 50 g, purity 95.+%

Hafnium metal powder, -325 mesh, dry, 99.5% purity (metals basis) Zr: < 0.5%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 97%

Hafnium, powder, 45 max. part. size (micron), weight 10 g, purity 95.0+%

Hafnium, sponge, +20 mesh, 99.5% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~2% zirconium)

Hafnium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, >=99.9% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~2% zirconium)

Hafnium powder, wetted with not <25% water (a visible excess of water must be present) (a) mechanically produced, particle size <53 microns, (b) chemically produced, particle size <840 microns

Hafnium powder, wetted with not <25% water (a visible excess of water must be present) (a) mechanically produced, particle size <53 microns, (b) chemically produced, particle size <840 microns [UN1326] [Flammable solid]

Hafnium, foil, thickness 0.02 mm, 99.5% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~2% zirconium)