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Hexanol

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H14O
CAS number
111-27-3
IUPAC name
hexan-1-ol;hexan-2-ol;hexan-3-ol
State
State

Hexanol exists as a liquid at room temperature, characterized by its clear, colorless appearance and distinctive alcoholic odor. It is used in a variety of chemical applications, solvents, and industrial processes.

Melting point (Celsius)
-45.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
228.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
157.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
430.15
General information
Molecular weight
102.17g/mol
Molar mass
102.1740g/mol
Density
0.8158g/cm3
Appearence

Hexanol is a colorless liquid with a moderate alcoholic odor. It is typically clear and free of any particles, and is commonly found in a liquid state at room temperature.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Hexan-1-ol, Hexan-2-ol, and Hexan-3-ol

The hexanols, specifically hexan-1-ol, hexan-2-ol, and hexan-3-ol, exhibit varying degrees of solubility in different solvents due to their molecular structures. These compounds are alcohols, which generally increases their ability to dissolve in polar solvents like water.

Here are some key points regarding their solubility:

  • Hexan-1-ol (1-hexanol) is moderately soluble in water. The longer carbon chain reduces its overall polarity, but the hydroxyl group (-OH) still provides some hydrophilic character.
  • Hexan-2-ol (2-hexanol) also exhibits moderate solubility. It possesses both alkyl and hydroxyl functional groups, allowing it to interact well with water molecules.
  • Hexan-3-ol (3-hexanol) shows similar solubility characteristics but with slightly less capacity to engage in hydrogen bonding due to its position on the carbon chain.

Generally, the trend of solubility for these hexanols in water can be summarized as follows:

  1. Solubility is influenced significantly by the size of the hydrocarbon tail.
  2. Increased branching or the presence of functional groups such as -OH enhances solubility.

In organic solvents, all three hexanols are more soluble due to their hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails, functioning efficiently as solvents or reactants in various chemical processes.

Overall, while the hexanols are not highly soluble in water compared to smaller alcohols, they still maintain a reasonable degree of solubility due to their functional groups. As the chains get longer, the solubility decreases, which is an important consideration in both laboratory and industrial applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Hexan-1-ol, Hexan-2-ol, and Hexan-3-ol

Hexan-1-ol, Hexan-2-ol, and Hexan-3-ol are fascinating examples of aliphatic alcohols, each possessing unique structures and properties despite their similar names. Here’s what makes each of these compounds interesting:

  • Structure Variation: These compounds are structural isomers, which means they have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms. This leads to varied physical and chemical properties.
  • Uses in Industry: Hexan-1-ol is commonly employed as a solvent and in the production of surfactants, while Hexan-2-ol is often utilized in the manufacture of plasticizers and as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
  • Distinctive Properties: The differing positions of the hydroxyl group (-OH) in each hexanol leads to various reactivities. For example, Hexan-3-ol may exhibit different behaviors in oxidation reactions compared to the others.
  • Biological Relevance: These alcohols can be produced via microbial fermentation pathways, highlighting their significance in biological and ecological contexts. Their roles in nature can affect flavor profiles in various food products.
  • Utility in Synthesis: Hexanols are versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. Chemists often utilize these compounds to create more complex molecules, allowing for the development of diverse chemical synthon strategies.

“The study of isomers not only enhances our understanding of chemical behavior but also opens doors for innovation in materials science and pharmaceuticals.”

In Summary:
Hexan-1-ol, Hexan-2-ol, and Hexan-3-ol are more than just simple alcohols; they are significant players in both synthetic and natural chemistry. Their various applications and structural nuances make them essential subjects of study in both academic and industrial chemistry.

Synonyms
Hexanolgemische