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Hexanoic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C6H12O2
CAS number
142-62-1
IUPAC name
hexanoic acid
State
State

At room temperature, hexanoic acid is a liquid.

Melting point (Celsius)
-3.40
Melting point (Kelvin)
269.75
Boiling point (Celsius)
205.80
Boiling point (Kelvin)
478.95
General information
Molecular weight
116.16g/mol
Molar mass
116.1580g/mol
Density
0.9275g/cm3
Appearence

Hexanoic acid is a clear, oily liquid with an unpleasant odor, often described as similar to goats or sour milk. It is moderately soluble in water, but more soluble in organic solvents.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Hexanoic Acid

Hexanoic acid, with the chemical formula C6H12O2, exhibits some intriguing properties regarding its solubility characteristics. Primarily, it is a polar compound due to the presence of a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). This polarity allows it to engage in hydrogen bonding, greatly influencing its solubility in various solvents.

Key solubility insights include:

  • Water Solubility: Hexanoic acid is moderately soluble in water, with a solubility value around 0.4 g/100 mL at room temperature. This is considerably better than many larger fatty acids.
  • Organic Solvents: It is highly soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether, which aligns with its hydrophobic carbon chain and favorability to non-polar environments.
  • Temperature Effects: Temperature can play a role; as temperatures rise, solubility in water tends to increase slightly, though the compound remains primarily a moderate solute.

Overall, the solubility of hexanoic acid is indicative of its amphiphilic nature, making it a useful compound in various chemical and industrial applications. As always, consider the specific environmental conditions when evaluating its solubility in practice.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Hexanoic Acid

Hexanoic acid, commonly known as caproic acid, is a fascinating organic compound with several intriguing properties and applications. Here are some key points that highlight its importance in chemistry and various industries:

  • Natural Occurrence: Hexanoic acid is naturally found in animal fats and oils, as well as in some plants. It contributes a characteristic flavor and aroma to goat milk and is one of the components that gives cheese its distinctive smell.
  • Applications: This compound is widely used in the food industry as a flavoring agent. Its unique taste can enhance various food products, making it a valued ingredient in flavor formulation.
  • Industrial Use: In the industrial sector, hexanoic acid serves as a precursor to several chemicals. It’s employed in the production of esters, which are often used in the manufacture of perfumes and food flavorings.
  • Biodegradable Solvent: Due to its relatively low toxicity and reactivity, hexanoic acid has gained attention as a potential biodegradable solvent in various chemical processes.
  • Research Potential: Scientists are exploring the use of hexanoic acid in biofuels and as an additive in biodiesel, considering its renewable sourcing and lower environmental impact compared to traditional fossil fuels.

As a versatile compound with both natural and synthetic origins, hexanoic acid plays a significant role in multiple fields. Its unique properties not only make it valuable for everyday products but also open up avenues for future scientific research and innovation. As the chemists say, *“There's chemistry in everything around us.”* And indeed, hexanoic acid is a prime example of this idea!

Synonyms
HEXANOIC ACID
Caproic acid
142-62-1
n-Caproic acid
n-Hexanoic acid
Capronic acid
1-Hexanoic acid
Butylacetic acid
Pentylformic acid
Hexoic acid
n-Hexylic acid
n-Hexoic acid
Pentiformic acid
1-Pentanecarboxylic acid
Pentanecarboxylic acid
Hexacid 698
Hexylic acid
Kyselina kapronova
Hexanoic acid (natural)
FEMA No. 2559
Acid C6
NSC 8266
CCRIS 1347
HSDB 6813
EINECS 205-550-7
UNII-1F8SN134MX
MFCD00004421
BRN 0773837
1F8SN134MX
C6:0
DTXSID7021607
CHEBI:30776
AI3-07701
NSC8266
NSC-8266
NCIOpen2_005355
CHEMBL14184
CH3-[CH2]4-COOH
DTXCID101607
1-PENTANE CARBOXYLIC ACID
EC 205-550-7
butylacetate
capronate
hexylate
pentylformate
4-02-00-00917 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
hexanoic acid (caproic acid)
n-caproate
n-hexoate
n-hexylate
NSC-35598
HEXANOIC ACID (CAPROIC ACID)
1-hexanoate
1-pentanecarboxylate
CH3-(CH2)4-COOH
Kyselina kapronova [Czech]
CAS-142-62-1
UN2829
Hexanoic
hexansäure
2-Butylacetic acid
6NA
EINECS 274-509-3
fatty acid 6:0
ethyl 4-butanoic acid
Hexanoic acid, 99%
methyl 5-pentanoic acid
Pentane-1-carboxylic acid
Hexanoic acid, >=99%
n-C5H11COOH
Hexanoic acid Caproic acid
bmse000351
SCHEMBL3867
WLN: QV5
CH3(CH2)4COOH
CAPROIC ACID [HSDB]
HEXANOIC ACID [FCC]
HEXANOIC ACID [FHFI]
N-CAPROIC ACID [MI]
Propyl, 3-carboxy-1-ethyl-
BDBM16433
MSK1704
DTXSID301311019
Hexanoic acid, analytical standard
FCA32068
STR10048
EINECS 267-013-3
EINECS 271-676-4
Tox21_201517
Tox21_300406
FA 6:0
LMFA01010006
Caproic acid Natural (Hexanoic acid)
Hexanoic acid, >=98%, FCC, FG
AKOS000119844
FA(6:0)
Caproic acid [UN2829] [Corrosive]
Caproic acid Deironized (Hexanoic acid)
Hexanoic acid, natural, >=98%, FCC
NCGC00248020-01
NCGC00248020-02
NCGC00254504-01
NCGC00259067-01
FC145216
Hexanoic acid, purum, >=98.0% (GC)
Hexanoic acid 10 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
H0105
Hexanoic acid, natural, >=98%, FCC, FG
NS00003820
EN300-21589
C01585
EC 271-676-4
Caproic acid Natural Deironized (Hexanoic acid)
CAPROIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO)
Q422597
25401AB4-1ECB-481F-AC91-EAAFC9329BDD
CAPROIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO) [DSC]
Z104503532
InChI=1/C6H12O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6(7)8/h2-5H2,1H3,(H,7,8
205-550-7
56279-38-0