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Hydrazine

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Identification
Molecular formula
N2H4
CAS number
302-01-2
IUPAC name
hydrazine
State
State

Hydrazine is a liquid at room temperature.

Melting point (Celsius)
2.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
275.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
113.50
Boiling point (Kelvin)
386.65
General information
Molecular weight
32.05g/mol
Molar mass
32.0450g/mol
Density
1.0210g/cm3
Appearence

Hydrazine is a colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. It is highly reactive and flammable, making it important to handle with care. The liquid form is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs water from the atmosphere.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Hydrazine

Hydrazine (N2H4), a versatile chemical compound, exhibits fascinating solubility properties that highlight its importance in various applications. Its solubility can be characterized as follows:

  • Solubility in Water: Hydrazine is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of approximately 100 g/L at room temperature. This significant solubility makes it a preferable choice in aqueous reactions.
  • Miscibility: This compound is not only soluble but also completely miscible with water, which allows for easy integration in various chemical processes.
  • Solubility in Organic Solvents: Hydrazine also displays appreciable solubility in several organic solvents, such as ethanol and methanol. This allows for versatile applications beyond aqueous environments.
  • Temperature Dependence: Its solubility tends to increase with elevated temperatures, making hydrazine easier to work with in higher temperature applications.

In summary, the remarkable solubility characteristics of hydrazine make it a crucial compound for both research and industrial applications. Its ability to readily dissolve in both water and many organic solvents underscores its versatility and utility in a wide range of chemical contexts.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Hydrazine

Hydrazine, a fascinating and versatile compound, holds a special place in the realm of chemistry and various industrial applications.

Key Properties and Uses

  • Energy Source: Hydrazine is predominantly used as a rocket propellant due to its high energy content and ability to produce thrust in space technology.
  • Reducing Agent: It acts as a powerful reducing agent in various chemical reactions, facilitating the transformation of compounds in synthetic chemistry.
  • Fuel Cells: Its use extends to hydrazine-based fuel cells, offering a potential clean energy alternative.

Health and Safety Concerns

Despite its numerous applications, hydrazine poses some risks:

  • Toxicity: It is a highly toxic substance, harmful if inhaled or ingested, requiring careful handling and proper safety measures.
  • Flammability: Hydrazine is flammable, and its reactive nature can lead to hazardous situations if not managed properly.

Cultural and Scientific Impact

Historically, hydrazine has contributed significantly to scientific advancements, particularly in space exploration. As noted by a chemist, “Developing a reliable system of propulsion was indispensable for humanity to explore the cosmos.”

Moreover, hydrazine and its derivatives have been studied extensively for their potential applications in pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, showcasing the enduring intrigue this compound offers to researchers.

In summary, hydrazine is more than just a chemical compound; it is a pivotal player in various innovative fields, illustrating the dual nature of chemistry as both a powerful tool and a subject of caution.

Synonyms
HYDRAZINE
302-01-2
Diamine
Levoxine
Hydrazine base
Oxytreat 35
Hydrazin
Hydrazyna
Hydrazine, anhydrous
Nitrogen hydride
Hydrazines
Hydrazine (anhydrous)
Hydrazyna [Polish]
RCRA waste number U133
Hydrazine anhydrous
CCRIS 335
Amerzine
HSDB 544
N2H4
H2NNH2
UNII-27RFH0GB4R
EINECS 206-114-9
27RFH0GB4R
CHEBI:15571
119775-10-9
DTXSID3020702
H 70 (FUEL)
NITROGEN HYDRIDE (N2H4)
HYDRAZINE (IARC)
HYDRAZINE [IARC]
HDZ
ISONIAZID IMPURITY E (EP IMPURITY)
ISONIAZID IMPURITY E [EP IMPURITY]
ALLOPURINOL IMPURITY F (EP IMPURITY)
ALLOPURINOL IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY]
UN2029
UN3293
Hydrazine/Hydrazine sulfate
RCRA waste no. U133
Hydrazine Standard: N2H4 @ 100 mg/L in 1% Acetic Acid
Hydrazine Standard: N2H4 @ 1000 mg/L in 1% Acetic Acid
Diamidogen
Hidrazine
amino nitrogen
Zerox
Hydrazine fume
(anhydrous)
Catalyzed hydrazine
Scav-Ox II
HYDRAZINE (HYDRAZINE SULFATE)
Zerox (Salt/Mix)
MFCD00011417
Amerzine (Salt/Mix)
Diamine, hydrazine base
HYDRAZINE [MI]
HYDRAZINE [HSDB]
NH2NH2
Scav-Ox II (Salt/Mix)
HYDRAZINE [WHO-DD]
Hydrazine, anhydrous, 98%
Nitrogen hydride, (N2H4)
NH2-NH2
UN 2029 (Salt/Mix)
UN 2030 (Salt/Mix)
DTXCID30702
Hydrazine (hydrazine sulphate)
HYDRAZINE, (ANHYDROUS)
Catalyzed hydrazine (Salt/Mix)
CHEMBL1237174
HYDRAZINE AQUEOUS SOLUTION
DTXSID70159610
CREXVNNSNOKDHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
STL281862
AKOS000269060
NCGC00188947-01
BP-13613
DB-007559
H0172
H0204
H0697
NS00014234
C05361
Q58447
Q27110398
206-114-9
HZN