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Bicarbonate

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Identification
Molecular formula
H2CO3
CAS number
71-52-3
IUPAC name
hydrogen carbonate
State
State

At room temperature, bicarbonate compounds such as sodium bicarbonate are found as solid crystalline powders. When in solution or part of dynamic equilibrium in water, bicarbonate ions are in an aqueous dissolved state.

Melting point (Celsius)
50.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
323.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
-1.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
-1.00
General information
Molecular weight
61.02g/mol
Molar mass
61.0170g/mol
Density
2.2002g/cm3
Appearence

Bicarbonate is typically found in solution form as part of various bicarbonate salts. These salts, when crystallized, can appear as white crystalline solids. In solution, bicarbonates are typically colorless due to the nature of water as a solvent.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Hydrogen Carbonate (H2CO3)

Hydrogen carbonate, commonly known as carbonic acid, showcases an interesting profile when it comes to solubility. Understanding its behavior in water is crucial, as it plays a significant role in various chemical processes and biological systems.

General Solubility Characteristics:

  • Hydrogen carbonate is highly soluble in water, which facilitates its widespread occurrence in natural waters.
  • When dissolved, it can lead to a dynamic equilibrium between carbonic acid and its dissociated ions: bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbonate (CO32-).
  • This equilibrium is essential in maintaining the pH balance in aqueous environments.

Factors Influencing Solubility:

  • Temperature: Increased temperatures typically enhance the solubility of gases in liquids, thus affecting the solubility of hydrogen carbonate.
  • Pressure: Higher pressure can increase the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide, subsequently raising the concentration of hydrogen carbonate in solution.

Overall, hydrogen carbonate's solubility is vital not only for its chemical reactivity but also for its role in environmental systems, such as controlling the acidity of rainwater and buffering biological fluids. As stated, "the balance of carbonic acid in an ecosystem is key for life." The extensive solubility of hydrogen carbonate underpins many natural processes and emphasizes the importance of understanding its behavior in water.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Hydrogen Carbonate

Hydrogen carbonate, commonly known as carbonic acid, is a fascinating compound with several intriguing properties and applications. As a weak acid, it plays a significant role in various chemical processes, especially in the realm of biochemistry and environmental science.

Key Roles and Properties

  • Buffering Agent: Carbonic acid is crucial for maintaining the pH balance in blood and other bodily fluids. It helps to stabilize pH in living organisms, enabling essential biological processes.
  • Carbon Cycle Component: In nature, carbonic acid forms when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, contributing significantly to the carbon cycle. This interaction is vital for processes like ocean acidification.
  • Carbonated Beverages: It is the reason behind the fizz in soft drinks! When carbon dioxide is dissolved under pressure, it forms carbonic acid, which provides the refreshing effervescence we enjoy.

Scientific Insights

Carbonic acid exists in equilibrium with its ions, bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbonate (CO32-), making it an essential compound in many chemical reactions. According to research, “The presence of bicarbonate in natural waters is vital for aquatic life and helps in the calcium carbonate precipitation process.”

Environmental Impact

Understanding hydrogen carbonate is pivotal when addressing issues such as climate change and ocean health. Its role in buffering seawater and influencing carbonate levels is critical as rising CO2 levels lead to increased acidity in ocean waters.

Conclusion

From its biochemical functions to its environmental implications, hydrogen carbonate is not just a simple molecule but a compound of great significance. Its study opens doors to understanding vital processes that sustain life and impact our planet.

Synonyms
Hydrogen carbonate
Bicarbonate ion
71-52-3
Carbonate, hydrogen
Monohydrogen carbonate
Hydrogen carbonate ion
Bicarbonate ions
Carbonate (HCO31-)
Carbonate ion (HCO31-)
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Bicarbonate ion (HCO31-)
Hydrogen carbonate (HCO3-)
bicarbonate
Hydrogencarbonate
HCO3-
Acid carbonate
UNII-HN1ZRA3Q20
HN1ZRA3Q20
hydrogencarbonate(1-)
HCO3
hydrogentrioxocarbonate(IV)
hydrogentrioxocarbonate(1-)
hydroxidodioxidocarbonate(1-)
DTXSID2049921
hydrogen(trioxidocarbonate)(1-)
CHEBI:17544
HCO3(-)
CO3-2
CO32-
BICARBONATE (MART.)
BICARBONATE [MART.]
Bicarbonates
(CO2(OH))(-)
[CO2(OH)](-)
HYDROXYFORMATE
Carbonate, hydrogen(8CI,9CI)
BCT
Bicarbonate anion
hydrogen-carbonate
Hydrogen carbonate anion
524 - Carbonated water
Carbonic acid, ion(1-)
BICARBONATE [VANDF]
59 - Bottled Mineral Water
102 - Bottled Mineral Water
CHEMBL363707
DTXCID8029818
BDBM26986
STL483238
DB-230528
NS00007901
C00288
Q409202
Q27110034