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Iodide

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Identification
Molecular formula
I-
CAS number
20461-54-5
IUPAC name
iodide
State
State

At room temperature, iodide anion itself does not exist freely, but when part of an ionic compound such as KI, it is typically a solid. Many iodide salts are water-soluble, forming colorless solutions.

Melting point (Celsius)
661.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
934.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
184.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
457.15
General information
Molecular weight
126.90g/mol
Molar mass
126.9040g/mol
Density
4.9300g/cm3
Appearence

Iodide ions in compounds can impart a variety of appearances depending on the cation they are paired with. As a pure iodide compound such as potassium iodide (KI), it typically appears as a white crystalline solid; however, some iodide compounds can be yellowish or brown due to iodine saturation or impurities.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Iodide Compounds

Iodides, characterized by the presence of the iodide ion (I-), exhibit varying solubility in different solvents based on their molecular structure. Here are some key points to consider:

  • Water Solubility: Many iodide salts, such as potassium iodide (KI) and sodium iodide (NaI), are highly soluble in water. This strong solubility is primarily attributed to the ability of the iodide ion to form favorable interactions with water molecules.
  • Solubility Trends: However, the solubility of iodides can vary significantly:
    • Iodides of alkali metals (e.g., NaI, KI) are generally soluble.
    • Iodides of transition metals may show lower solubility. For instance, silver iodide (AgI) is notoriously insoluble in water.
  • Solvents: Iodides may also show varying solubility in organic solvents. For example, some iodides can be more soluble in non-polar solvents due to their molecular structure.
  • Temperature Effects: Temperature can influence the solubility of iodides, with higher temperatures often leading to increased solubility.

In conclusion, the solubility of iodide compounds is influenced by a blend of factors, including the nature of the cation, the presence of water or alternative solvents, and temperature variations. Understanding these aspects can aid in predicting interactions in chemical reactions and biological systems.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Iodide

Iodide refers to an ion of iodine with a charge of -1, playing a significant role in various chemical and biological processes. Here are some fascinating aspects of iodide:

  • Essential Nutrient: Iodide is crucial for human health, as it is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
  • Sources: Common dietary sources of iodide include iodized salt, seaweed, dairy products, and fish. A deficiency in iodide can lead to health issues like goiter and hypothyroidism.
  • Industrial Applications: Iodides are used in various industrial applications, including photography, several disinfection processes, and as catalysts in certain chemical reactions.
  • Antiseptic Properties: Iodide exhibits antiseptic properties, making it a valuable component in certain disinfectants and antiseptic solutions. It is often used in surgical scrubs and wound treatments to prevent infection.
  • Detection in Chemistry: Iodide ions are often used as indicators in titrations and chemical analyses due to their distinct color change when they react with certain substances.
  • Environmental Impact: Iodide can be found in various environmental settings, particularly in oceans and sea spray, highlighting its natural abundance and importance in ecological systems.

In summary, iodide is not just a chemical species but a vital element tied to health, industry, and the environment. Its multifaceted roles underscore the interconnectedness of chemistry and biology.

Synonyms
Iodide
Iodide ion
20461-54-5
Iodide anion
iodine anion
Iodide(1-)
Iodide-127
Iodide ion(1-)
Iodine, ion (I1-)
hydriodic acid, ion(1-)
I-
UNII-09G4I6V86Q
09G4I6V86Q
IODIDE ION I-127
CHEBI:16382
DTXSID80912339
I(-)
Iodine-
DTXCID101341361
606-561-3
RefChem:55399
trihydridoiodine
iodinane
Iodide Salt
lambda(3)-iodane
100934-04-1
Iodide (from NaI) Standard: I- @ 1000 microg/mL in H2O
Iodide (from NaI) Standard: I- @ 10000 microg/mL in H2O
Iodides
Iodide (from NH4I) Standard: I- @ 10000 microg/mL in H2O
Colloidal iodine
Iodine ion
Iodine(1-)
SCHEMBL16337
CHEMBL185537
SCHEMBL29525527
BDBM26981
CHEBI:37181
Iodide (6CI,7CI,8CI,9CI)
Ba 2796
DB12754
NS00082112
C00708
Q407654
Q27117062
2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate and .alpha.-(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)-.omega.-methoxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)