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Isopentyl nitrate

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H11NO3
CAS number
543-59-9
IUPAC name
isopentyl nitrate
State
State

Isopentyl nitrate is in a liquid state at room temperature. It maintains its liquid form under standard conditions and is volatile, with a tendency to evaporate when exposed to air. This property necessitates storage in a tightly sealed container to prevent evaporation and degradation.

Melting point (Celsius)
-80.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
193.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
104.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
377.15
General information
Molecular weight
133.15g/mol
Molar mass
133.1470g/mol
Density
1.0070g/cm3
Appearence

Isopentyl nitrate is typically a colorless to light yellow liquid. It is known for its distinct fruity odor that is somewhat pleasant, which is characteristic of many nitrate esters. The liquid’s consistency and clarity can vary based on purity and any impurities present.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Isopentyl Nitrate

Isopentyl nitrate, with the chemical formula C5H11NO3, exhibits some interesting solubility characteristics that are worth noting:

  • Polar and Non-Polar Solvent Behavior: Isopentyl nitrate tends to be soluble in polar organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone, while having limited solubility in water due to its hydrophobic isopentyl group.
  • Temperature Influence: As with many organic compounds, solubility can be affected by temperature. Generally, increased temperatures can enhance solubility in organic solvents.
  • Applications and Implications: Its solubility properties make isopentyl nitrate useful in various chemical reactions and formulations, particularly in the fields of pharmaceuticals and explosives.

The overall solubility behavior is a factor of both the molecular structure and the solvent type. For those looking to understand or utilize isopentyl nitrate, taking these solubility characteristics into account is essential for effective applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Isopentyl Nitrate

Isopentyl nitrate is an intriguing compound that belongs to the family of alkyl nitrates, and it has several fascinating aspects that merit attention for both researchers and chemistry enthusiasts alike.

Key Characteristics

  • Origin: Isopentyl nitrate can be synthetically produced from isopentanol and nitric acid, which reflects the interplay between functional groups and reactivity in organic chemistry.
  • Applications: This compound is known for its use as a vasodilator in pharmacology, which means it has the ability to widen blood vessels and improve blood flow, making it significant in certain medical treatments.
  • Historical Context: Research into alkyl nitrates, including isopentyl nitrate, gained traction during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, showcasing the evolution of chemical understanding and its practical applications.

Chemical Behavior

From a chemical perspective, isopentyl nitrate exhibits unique properties:

  • Stability: It can be relatively stable under certain conditions, yet it is crucial to handle it with care due to its explosive potential when exposed to heat or certain catalysts.
  • Reactivity: The nitrate functional group contributes to its reactivity, particularly in nitration reactions and oxidative processes.
  • Environmental Implications: As a product of combustion, isopentyl nitrate can play a role in atmospheric chemistry, contributing to the formation of ozone and other secondary pollutants.

Fun Fact

One of the intriguing uses of isopentyl nitrate is its recreational application, where it is often referred to as a "popper." Recreational users inhale the vapors for a brief euphoric effect, reminding us of the multifaceted nature of chemical compounds and their impacts on both science and society!

In summary, isopentyl nitrate is a compound that intersects various fields of study including organic chemistry, pharmacology, and environmental science. Its multifarious applications and unique properties make it a subject worth exploring in-depth.

Synonyms
Isoamyl nitrate
543-87-3
3-Methylbutyl nitrate
Isopentyl nitrate
Iso-amyl nitrate
Nitrito d'amile
Nitrito d'amile [Italian]
UNII-7ARR7RA61E
EINECS 208-852-7
7ARR7RA61E
BRN 1702824
3-Methyl-1-butanol 1-nitrate
ISOAMYL NITRATE [MI]
NTHGIYFSMNNHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-
DTXSID70110029
4-01-00-01683 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
3Methylbutyl nitrate
3Methyl1butanol nitrate
1Butanol, 3methyl, nitrate
1Butanol, 3methyl, 1nitrate
DTXCID4065284
inchi=1/c5h11no3/c1-5(2)3-4-9-6(7)8/h5h,3-4h2,1-2h3
nthgiyfsmnnhsc-uhfffaoysa-n
iso-Pentyl nitrate
iso-Amylnitrate
1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, nitrate
3-Methyl-1-butanol nitrate
ISOPENTYL ALCOHOL, NITRATE
Isoamylnitrate
isoamylnitrat
iso-amyl-nitrate
MFCD00007042
nitric acid isopentyl ester
SCHEMBL287823
1-Butanol, 3-methyl-, 1-nitrate
AKOS006230622
BS-23580
DB-052557
I0088
NS00033065
D91078
Q27266852