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Isophthalic acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
C8H6O4
CAS number
121-91-5
IUPAC name
isophthalic acid;phthalic acid;terephthalic acid
State
State
At room temperature, isophthalic acid is a solid.
Melting point (Celsius)
347.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
620.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
658.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
931.00
General information
Molecular weight
166.13g/mol
Molar mass
166.1320g/mol
Density
1.5260g/cm3
Appearence

Isophthalic acid is a white crystalline solid that exhibits good thermal stability. It is typically found in powdered form and has a distinct chemical odor.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Isophthalic Acid, Phthalic Acid, and Terephthalic Acid

The solubility of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and terephthalic acid, can vary significantly based on temperature, the solvent used, and their respective structural properties.

General Observations:

  • Isophthalic Acid (C8H6O4): This compound is moderately soluble in water, typically requiring higher temperatures to increase its solubility.
  • Phthalic Acid (C8H6O4): It demonstrates good solubility in hot water and organic solvents like ethanol and ether, but its solubility in cold water is limited.
  • Terephthalic Acid (C8H6O4): This compound is less soluble in water compared to its counterparts, often requiring organic solvents for dissolution.

Factors Influencing Solubility:

  • Temperature: As with many compounds, increasing temperature often enhances solubility.
  • pH Levels: The solubility may fluctuate with changes in the pH of the solution, as these acids can dissociate into their anionic forms.
  • Intermolecular Forces: The ability of a solvent to interact with the solute is crucial; thus, polar solvents can effectively dissolve these dicarboxylic acids.

In summary, while isophthalic, phthalic, and terephthalic acids have varied solubility profiles, they often find better solubility in organic solvents and higher temperatures. This behavior emphasizes the importance of understanding solubility in practical applications, particularly in industries utilizing these compounds.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Isophthalic Acid

Isophthalic acid is one of three isomers of phthalic acid, and it plays a crucial role in various industrial applications. Here are some fascinating insights:

  • Key Component in Polyesters: Isophthalic acid is primarily used in the production of polyester resins. When combined with ethylene glycol, it forms isophthalate polyesters known for their durability and resistance to heat and chemicals.
  • Structural Isomer: Being an isomer of phthalic acid, its substitution pattern affects its properties and uses. The unique structure allows it to enhance the mechanical strength of polymer materials compared to its ortho and para counterparts.
  • Solvent and Plasticizer: In addition to its use in polyester manufacturing, isophthalic acid serves as a solvent and plasticizer, making it valuable in the production of various coatings and adhesives.
  • Environmental Consideration: As industries tilt towards sustainability, isophthalic acid emerges as a substance that can be produced from bio-based feedstocks, aligning with greener chemistry practices.

Interesting Facts about Phthalic Acid

Phthalic acid is a significant compound in the chemical industry with a broad range of applications. Here’s what you should know:

  • Versatile Starting Material: Phthalic acid serves as a precursor to numerous chemicals, including **plasticizers**, which are crucial in making plastics more flexible.
  • Dyes and Pigments: It is instrumental in synthesizing various dyes and pigments, showcasing its importance in colorants used across industries, including textiles and plastics.
  • Pharmaceuticals and Insecticides: Phthalic acid derivatives are also utilized in the production of certain pharmaceuticals and insecticides, highlighting its diverse applications.
  • Regulatory Focus: Given its widespread usage, phthalic acid has faced scrutiny regarding its safety and environmental impact, leading to regulations aimed at minimizing exposure and promoting safer alternatives.

Interesting Facts about Terephthalic Acid

Terephthalic acid is widely known for its role in the manufacturing of polymers and other materials. Here are some intriguing facts:

  • Polyester Production: Terephthalic acid is one of the primary ingredients in the production of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), which is used extensively in plastic bottles and packaging materials.
  • High-Performance Fibers: It is used as a building block in creating high-performance fibers, such as those found in textiles and industrial applications, known for their strength and resistance to heat.
  • Renewable Approaches: Recent advancements have enabled the production of terephthalic acid from renewable resources, demonstrating a shift towards more sustainable chemical manufacturing practices.
  • Catalyst in Innovations: Terephthalic acid continues to spur innovation in the polymer industry, leading to the development of new materials that are lighter, stronger, and more environmentally friendly.
Synonyms
SCHEMBL5914459