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Isoprene

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H8
CAS number
78-79-5
IUPAC name
isoprene
State
State

Isoprene is typically encountered as a volatile liquid at room temperature. Due to its low boiling point, it may also form a gaseous vapor in the air easily.

Melting point (Celsius)
-145.95
Melting point (Kelvin)
127.20
Boiling point (Celsius)
34.10
Boiling point (Kelvin)
307.25
General information
Molecular weight
68.12g/mol
Molar mass
68.1180g/mol
Density
0.6569g/cm3
Appearence

Isoprene is a colorless liquid that possesses a characteristic petroleum-like odor. It is highly volatile and flammable.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Isoprene

Isoprene, with the chemical formula C5H8, is known for its unique solubility characteristics. This compound, a colorless gas at room temperature, exhibits several key solubility properties:

  • Hydrocarbon Nature: As a hydrocarbon, isoprene is primarily soluble in non-polar solvents. This includes substances like hexane, benzene, and toluene.
  • Limited Water Solubility: Due to its non-polar characteristics, isoprene has a very low solubility in water. This is typical for most simple hydrocarbons which tend to repel water molecules.
  • Temperature Effects: The solubility of isoprene can be influenced by temperature; as with many gases, an increase in temperature typically results in a decrease in solubility in liquids.
  • Implications for Use: Understanding isoprene's solubility is crucial, especially in industrial applications where it may need to be dissolved or reacted in different solvents.

In conclusion, the solubility of isoprene is significantly marked by its hydrocarbon structure, rendering it soluble in non-polar environments but largely insoluble in water. This knowledge is vital for chemists working with this compound in various chemical processes.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Isoprene

Isoprene, an important building block in organic chemistry, is a fascinating compound with a myriad of applications and properties. Below are some intriguing aspects of isoprene:

  • Natural Occurrence: Isoprene is produced naturally by many plants and trees, particularly in rubber-producing species. It is released into the atmosphere in significant quantities, playing a role in the formation of atmospheric aerosols.
  • Polymer Formation: The most renowned application of isoprene is in the production of natural rubber. When polymerized, isoprene forms polyisoprene, a key component in rubber manufacturing, contributing to the elasticity and durability of rubber products.
  • Industrial Use: In the industry, isoprene is utilized not only in rubber production but also in making various plastics and adhesives, showcasing its versatility as a chemical building block.
  • Biological Insights: Isoprene is fascinating not only from a chemical perspective but also for its biological significance. It serves as a signaling molecule in plants, influencing processes such as stress responses and communication.
  • Environmental Impact: While isoprene plays a role in the formation of ground-level ozone, a pollutant, it also contributes to the natural cycles in which it participates, illustrating the complex relationship between chemical compounds and environmental health.

As chemists delve deeper into its potential, isoprene continues to be a subject of study, revealing new insights that underscore its significance in both industrial applications and environmental chemistry. Its role as a precursor for synthetic materials is increasingly crucial in an era focused on sustainability and eco-friendly products.

In the words of a noted chemist, "The versatility of isoprene makes it a vital component in both nature and industry, highlighting the interconnectedness of chemical compounds and their myriad impacts on our world."

Synonyms
ISOPRENE
78-79-5
2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene
2-Methylbuta-1,3-diene
Isopentadiene
2-Methylbutadiene
2-Methyldivinyl
1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl-
beta-Methylbivinyl
isopreno
isoterpene
Isopren
3-Methyl-1,3-butadiene
CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2
.beta.-Methylbivinyl
NSC 9237
Naturalrubber
CCRIS 6253
HSDB 620
EINECS 201-143-3
UNII-0A62964IBU
9006-04-6
DTXSID2020761
NATURAL RUBBER
CHEBI:35194
0A62964IBU
NSC-9237
DTXCID20761
Isoprene (Stabilized with TBC)
NSC9237
EC 201-143-3
ISOPRENE (IARC)
ISOPRENE [IARC]
Rubber, natural
UN1218
Caoutchouc
Elastomers
Ebonite
Heveaplus
Impervia
Rubber
Latex particles
Nafka
Natural latex
India rubber
Nafka kristalgom
Dynatex LA
Dynatex GTZ
Thiokol NVT
LATZ latex
2-methyl-butadiene
Isoprene, inhibited
Harub 5LV
Heveacrumb SMR 5L
MFCD00008600
2-methyl-1
Lorival R 25
Hartex 102HR
Cartex 600
Fultite FB 010K
Fultite FB 520
Hartex 103
Fultite FB 3001
Iotex C 60
Isoprene, >=99%
Kagetex FA 2005
ISOPRENE [HSDB]
E 218 (rubber)
Mitsuwa RC paper Cement
ISOPRENE [MI]
Defo 700
Elastic materials, rubber
UNII-2LQ0UUW8IN
Lotol L 9241
2LQ0UUW8IN
Be Be Tex 1223
bmse000844
Defo 1000
ISNA 5
2-methyl-buta-1,3-diene
AMA 7
CSV 1
Isoprene, analytical standard
Mar DR 1135
UN 1218 (Salt/Mix)
DRC 60
CHEMBL1566132
WLN: 1UY1&1U1
HSDB 6772
DTXSID60185761
GLN 200
GNL 150
Isoprene (1 mg/mL in Methanol)
JLX 105
JLX 113
KDP 150
CV 50
CV 60
IR 25
IR 68
EINECS 232-689-0
Tox21_200067
5L-TP0203
CS 700
HC 106
AKOS000119971
CCG-266006
FB 3001
CAS-78-79-5
NCGC00091078-01
NCGC00091078-02
NCGC00257621-01
PD088096
I0160
NS00001388
EN300-19669
Q271943
Isoprene, inhibited [UN1218] [Flammable liquid]
InChI=1/C5H8/c1-4-5(2)3/h4H,1-2H2,3H
Z104474660
Isoprene, 99%, contains <1000 ppm p-tert-butylcatechol as inhibitor
201-143-3
26796-44-1
9041-65-0