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Lithium hydroxide

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Identification
Molecular formula
LiOH
CAS number
1310-65-2
IUPAC name
lithium;hydroxide
State
State

At room temperature, lithium hydroxide is typically found in a solid state. It is highly reactive with water and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which is why it is often handled with care to prevent unwanted reactions.

Melting point (Celsius)
462.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
735.00
Boiling point (Celsius)
924.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
1 197.00
General information
Molecular weight
23.95g/mol
Molar mass
23.9480g/mol
Density
1.4600g/cm3
Appearence

Lithium hydroxide typically appears as a white hygroscopic crystalline material in its anhydrous form. It is available in both anhydrous and monohydrate forms, with the monohydrate being more common in industrial applications.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH)

Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is a fascinating compound when it comes to its solubility characteristics. This ionic compound exhibits notable behavior in various solvents, primarily due to its alkali metal nature.

Solubility in Water

LiOH is known for its high solubility in water, which can be attributed to the following factors:

  • Ion-Dipole Interactions: The ionic bonds in LiOH are effectively broken by solvent molecules, leading to the dissociation into Li+ and OH- ions.
  • Hydration Energy: The relatively small size of the lithium ion allows it to have a strong interaction with water molecules, resulting in a significant hydration effect.
  • Temperature Dependency: The solubility of lithium hydroxide increases with temperature, making it more effective in higher temperature conditions.

Solubility in Other Solvents

While water is the primary solvent, LiOH shows limited solubility in organic solvents. Its ionic nature makes it less compatible with:

  • Alcohols
  • Ether
  • Most hydrocarbons

This limited solubility can affect its applications in certain chemical processes where organic solvent systems are utilized.

In summary, the solubility profile of lithium hydroxide is characterized by its remarkable solubility in water and considerable effects based on temperature. As with many compounds, understanding its solubility is essential for its practical applications and chemical behavior.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Lithium Hydroxide

Lithium hydroxide, commonly referred to by its chemical formula LiOH, is a fascinating compound that plays a significant role in both industrial applications and scientific research. Here are some intriguing aspects of this compound:

  • Key Industry Applications: Lithium hydroxide is primarily utilized in the production of lithium-ion batteries, which are essential for powering modern electronic devices such as smartphones and electric vehicles. Its role as an electrolyte enhances battery life and efficiency.
  • Carbon Dioxide Absorption: One of the unique functions of LiOH is its ability to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2). This property makes it invaluable in respiratory equipment, such as rebreathers used in submarines and space missions, where controlling CO2 levels is crucial for crew safety.
  • Role in Ceramics: Lithium hydroxide is also used in the production of ceramics and glass. It helps to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of these materials, making them more durable and heat-resistant.
  • Pharmaceuticals: Research into the pharmaceutical applications of lithium compounds has shown potential benefits in psychiatric treatments. Lithium salts have long been used to stabilize mood disorders and might offer insights into further therapeutic uses of lithium hydroxide.
  • Environmental Impact: As the demand for lithium rises, there is a growing focus on the sustainability of lithium extraction and processing. Lithium hydroxide production is often tied to environmentally friendly practices, especially in efforts to minimize ecological footprints.

In conclusion, lithium hydroxide is much more than just a simple compound; it is a cornerstone of modern technology and an important player in various scientific fields. The ongoing research and development surrounding this compound continue to unveil its potential and significance in addressing contemporary challenges.

Synonyms
Lithium hydroxide
1310-65-2
Lithium hydrate
Lithium hydroxide anhydrous
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH))
LiOH
Lithiumhydroxid
lithium;hydroxide
EINECS 215-183-4
Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous
UNII-903YL31JAS
903YL31JAS
Lithium hydroxide flakes
MFCD00011095
CHEBI:33979
DTXSID70893845
EC 215-183-4
lithiumhydroxide
Lithium Hydroxide; Lithium Hydrate
Lithium hydoxide
215-183-4
UN2679
UN2680
lithium hydroxid
lithium hyroxide
litium hydroxide
lithium hydorxide
Lithium monoxide anion
Lithium Hydroxide, calcinated
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE [MI]
DTXCID801323885
DTXSID901337186
STL185539
AKOS015904130
AKOS025264482
AKOS037479138
DB14506
FL49109
Lithium hydroxide powder, reagent grade
Lithium hydroxide, reagent grade, 98%
Lithium hydroxide, monohydrate or lithium hydroxide, solid [UN2680] [Corrosive]
54251-08-0
L0225
NS00074475
Lithium hydroxide, powder, reagent grade, >=98%
Q407613
Lithium hydroxide, monohydrate or lithium hydroxide, solid
Lithium hydroxide, monohydrate, Trace metals grade 99.8%
64538-53-0