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Nitrous Acid

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Identification
Molecular formula
HNO2
CAS number
7782-77-6
IUPAC name
nitrous acid
State
State

At room temperature, nitrous acid usually exists as a dilute solution and thus can be described in a liquid state when dissolved in water. It is unstable and decomposes easily.

Melting point (Celsius)
-3.00
Melting point (Kelvin)
270.15
Boiling point (Celsius)
-4.50
Boiling point (Kelvin)
268.65
General information
Molecular weight
47.01g/mol
Molar mass
47.0130g/mol
Density
1.0080g/cm3
Appearence

Nitrous acid is a weak and monoprotic acid that is usually encountered only in a diluted aqueous solution. Its solutions are colorless or very pale blue in appearance due to transient presence in equilibrium mixtures.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Nitrous Acid

Nitrous acid (HNO2) is a fascinating compound noted for its solubility characteristics. Here are some highlights regarding its solubility:

  • High Solubility in Water: Nitrous acid is considered to be highly soluble in water, allowing it to easily dissociate into its ions.
  • Forms a Buffer: When dissolved, it can establish a buffer system with its conjugate base, nitrite ion (NO2-), which is crucial in various biological and environmental processes.
  • Temperature Effects: Solubility can slightly increase with temperature, which is a common behavior for many acids.

In summary, nitrous acid demonstrates significant water solubility, which enables its role in chemical reactions and biological systems. Its ability to readily dissolve and participate in equilibria highlights its importance in both laboratory and natural environments.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Nitrous Acid

Nitrous acid, known scientifically as HNO2, is a fascinating and important compound in the world of chemistry. Although it is a relatively weak acid and less stable than its counterparts, it plays a crucial role in various chemical processes.

Key Characteristics

  • Unique Properties: Nitrous acid is often found in solution form, making it a vital reagent in organic and analytical chemistry.
  • Oxidizing Agent: It can act as an effective oxidizing agent, participating in redox reactions that are fundamental in the synthesis of other chemical compounds.
  • Precursor for Nitrogen Compounds: This acid is a precursor to several important nitrogen compounds, which are significant in fertilizers and explosives.

Applications in Science

In academic and industrial settings, nitrous acid is utilized for:

  • Organic Synthesis: It is involved in diazotization reactions, which are essential for the production of azo dyes.
  • Analytical Chemistry: Nitrous acid is used in the detection of various substances, due to its ability to react selectively with specific organic compounds.
  • Environmental Studies: Understanding the formation and decomposition of nitrous acid in the environment helps in studying atmospheric chemistry and pollution control.

Safety and Stability

Despite its practical uses, nitrous acid is known for its instability. It decomposes readily, and its presence can lead to hazardous situations if not handled properly. It’s essential to utilize appropriate safety measures when conducting experiments involving this compound.

Fun Fact

Did you know that nitrous acid can be formed by the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid? This property makes it a central compound in discussions surrounding nitrosation reactions which are of particular interest in medicinal chemistry.

With its various applications and intriguing properties, nitrous acid remains a subject of investigation and interest in the chemical sciences.

Synonyms
NITROUS ACID
Nitrosyl hydroxide
7782-77-6
HNO2
Kyselina dusite
dioxonitric acid
hydroxidooxidonitrogen
CHEBI:25567
Acid, Nitrous
UNII-T2I5UM75DN
EINECS 231-963-7
T2I5UM75DN
HSDB 7801
hydrogen dioxonitrate(1-)
DTXSID7064813
(NO(OH))
[NO(OH)]
DTXCID4048014
231-963-7
HONO
Kyselina dusite [Czech]
Nitrogen dioxide ion
Nitrous acid, trans
Nitrogen peroxide ion
NITROUS ACID [MI]
CHEMBL1161681
BLNWTAHYTCHDJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BDBM50147619
DB09112
DB-255799
NS00076377
C00088
Q207895
Q211891