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Phosphorus pentachloride

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Identification
Molecular formula
PCl5
CAS number
10026-13-8
IUPAC name
pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane
State
State

At room temperature, phosphorus pentachloride is in the solid state. It is a crystalline substance that can sublimate and decompose upon heating to form phosphorus oxychloride and hydrogen chloride gas, which are indicated by the evolution of smoke when it is exposed to air.

Melting point (Celsius)
166.50
Melting point (Kelvin)
439.65
Boiling point (Celsius)
166.80
Boiling point (Kelvin)
439.95
General information
Molecular weight
208.24g/mol
Molar mass
208.2390g/mol
Density
2.1000g/cm3
Appearence

Phosphorus pentachloride appears as a greenish-yellow crystalline solid. It is often found in its pure form as a solid that is highly deliquescent and volatile. Upon exposure to moist air, it releases hydrogen chloride gas which contributes to its characteristic color.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane

Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane, with its distinctive structure, presents some intriguing aspects regarding its solubility. The compound is primarily characterized by its chlorinated nature, which influences its interaction with solvents. Here are several key points to consider:

  • Polarity: The presence of five chlorine atoms contributes to the overall polarity of the molecule, which typically enhances solubility in polar solvents.
  • Solvent Compatibility: Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane is likely to show better solubility in nonpolar solvents, such as hydrocarbons. This is due to the larger nonpolar segments of the molecule.
  • Microenvironment Effects: The solubility can vary dramatically depending on microenvironment factors like temperature and pressure, making empirical testing vital for precise applications.
  • Safety Considerations: As a chlorinated compound, it is essential to handle it in a controlled environment, as solubility might reveal its reactivity with moisture and other substances.

In summary, while specific solubility data for Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane in various solvents may be limited in the literature, its chlorinated structure suggests a nuanced interaction with both polar and nonpolar solvents. Therefore, understanding its solubility characteristics is crucial for effective handling and application in a laboratory or industrial setting.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane

Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane is a fascinating compound that showcases the complex chemistry of phosphorus halides. Here are some noteworthy aspects of this compound:

  • Unique Structure: This compound features a phosphorus atom surrounded by five chlorine atoms, leading to a highly chlorinated and reactive structure.
  • Reactivity: Due to its high degree of chlorination, pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane can engage in various chemical reactions, which can be useful in synthetic organic chemistry.
  • Industrial Applications: Phosphorus chlorides, including this particular compound, are often utilized in the production of flame retardants, agricultural chemicals, and plasticizers.
  • Importance in Research: Researchers are increasingly interested in compounds like pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane for their potential in developing new materials and studying reaction mechanisms involving phosphorus.
  • Safety Concerns: As with many chlorinated compounds, handling and disposal require caution due to potential health hazards and environmental impacts.

In conclusion, pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane is more than just a chemical formula; it is a key player in the realm of phosphorus chemistry, with implications in both industrial processes and academic research. Its distinct properties and reactivity continue to inspire curiosity among chemists and researchers alike.

Synonyms
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE
10026-13-8
Phosphorus(V) chloride
Pentachlorophosphorane
Phosphorane, pentachloro-
Phosphoric chloride
Phosphorus perchloride
PCl5
Phosphorous pentachloride
Phosphorpentachlorid
Phosphoric perchloride
Fosforpentachloride
Pieciochlorek fosforu
Phosphorus chloride (PCl5)
Fosforo(pentacloruro di)
HSDB 1205
UNII-0EX753TYDU
Phosphore(pentachlorure de)
EINECS 233-060-3
0EX753TYDU
pentachloridophosphorus
DTXSID9033896
CHEBI:30335
pentachloro-lambda(5)-phosphane
DTXCID7013896
EC 233-060-3
(PCl5)
[PCl5]
Pentachlorophosphorus
Fosforo (pentachloruro di)
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE, SOLID
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE, (SOLID)
233-060-3
phosphorus pentachloride (acgih:osha)
Pentachloro-lambda5-phosphane
Phosphoruspentachloride
MFCD00011439
Fosforpentachloride [Dutch]
Phosphorpentachlorid [German]
Pieciochlorek fosforu [Polish]
Fosforo(pentacloruro di) [Italian]
Phosphore(pentachlorure de) [French]
UN1806
phosphorus pentachoride
phosphorus pentachioride
phosphorus-pentachloride
phosphorus (V)-chloride
phosphorus penta-chloride
phosphorus-(V)-chloride
phosphorous (V) chloride
SCHEMBL377
Phosphorus pentachloride, CP
Phosphorous (V) pentachloride
CHEMBL1465793
Tox21_202530
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE [MI]
AKOS015918493
pentakis(chloranyl)-$l^{5}-phosphane
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE [HSDB]
InChI=1/Cl5P/c1-6(2,3,4)
NCGC00090975-01
NCGC00260079-01
CAS-10026-13-8
DB-002853
NS00020361
P1612
Phosphorus pentachloride (packed in ampules)
Phosphorus pentachloride, reagent grade, 95%
Phosphorus pentachloride [UN1806] [Corrosive]
A800083
Q283427
Phosphorus pentachloride, purum p.a., >=98.0% (AT)