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valeronitrile

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Identification
Molecular formula
C5H9N
CAS number
110-59-8
IUPAC name
pentanenitrile
State
State

At room temperature, pentanenitrile is a liquid owing to its relatively low melting point and moderate boiling point.

Melting point (Celsius)
-85.10
Melting point (Kelvin)
188.05
Boiling point (Celsius)
140.50
Boiling point (Kelvin)
413.65
General information
Molecular weight
83.13g/mol
Molar mass
83.1310g/mol
Density
0.8001g/cm3
Appearence

Pentanenitrile, also known as valeronitrile, is a colorless liquid that may possess a faint, distinct odor. In its pure form, it appears clear and is free from particles or haze.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Pentanenitrile

Pentanenitrile, also known as valeronitrile, is primarily characterized by its solubility properties which are influenced by its chemical structure. As a linear nitrile compound, pentanenitrile (C5H9N) exhibits certain notable solubility traits:

  • Polar Nature: The presence of the nitrile group (–C≡N) contributes to the overall polarity of the molecule, enhancing its ability to interact with polar solvents.
  • Solvent Compatibility: Pentanenitrile is readily soluble in polar organic solvents such as water, ethanol, and acetone, making it a versatile compound for various applications.
  • Insolubility in Nonpolar Solvents: Conversely, it is sparingly soluble in nonpolar solvents like hexane, reflecting its limited compatibility with hydrophobic environments.

In summary, due to its polar characteristics, pentanenitrile demonstrates good solubility in a range of polar solvents, which is essential for its utility in chemical processes. Understanding these solubility dynamics can aid in predicting its behavior in various chemical environments.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Pentanenitrile

Pentanenitrile, also known as valeronitrile, is an intriguing compound notable for its unique properties and applications. Here are some key points that highlight its significance:

  • Structure and Composition: Pentanenitrile consists of a five-carbon chain with a nitrile (-CN) functional group. This structure classifies it as an aliphatic nitrile, which forms the backbone for various chemical reactions and synthesis processes.
  • Applications: Pentanenitrile plays a vital role in the synthesis of various organic compounds. It serves as a building block in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and plastics. Its distinctive properties make it a valuable material in chemical research and development.
  • Reactivity: The nitrile group in pentanenitrile is highly reactive, allowing for numerous reactions such as hydrolysis, reduction, and other transformations. This reactivity opens the door to creating a variety of functionalized products, further emphasizing its utility in organic chemistry.
  • Biological Importance: Nitriles, including pentanenitrile, can exhibit biological activity. They may act as intermediates in biochemical pathways or be relevant in the synthesis of important biomolecules.
  • Environmental Considerations: While pentanenitrile is useful in many applications, awareness of its environmental impact is essential. Like many nitriles, it requires careful handling due to potential toxicity and the need for regulations in its use and disposal.

In summary, pentanenitrile stands out in the world of organic chemistry for its structural uniqueness, reactivity, and versatile applications. Its role in scientific research and industry underscores the importance of understanding complex chemical compounds and their potential.

Synonyms
VALERONITRILE
Pentanenitrile
110-59-8
Butyl cyanide
1-Cyanobutane
1-Butyl cyanide
n-Valeronitrile
n-BUTYL CYANIDE
Pentanonitrile
n-Pentanenitrile
EINECS 203-781-8
CCRIS 6114
BRN 1736706
AI3-30052
Butane, 1-cyano-
DTXSID3026275
X44H3R47D4
VALERONITRILE [MI]
DTXCID106275
EC 203-781-8
4-02-00-00875 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
VALPROIC ACID IMPURITY H [EP IMPURITY]
1-cyano-butane
UNII-X44H3R47D4
VALPROIC ACID IMPURITY H (EP IMPURITY)
MFCD00001974
nValeronitrile
1Cyanobutane
1Butyl cyanide
Valeronitrile, 8CI
Pentanenitrile, 9CI
Valeronitrile, 99.5%
CH3(CH2)3CN
Pentanenitrile (Valeronitrile)
PENTANOIC ACID, NITRILE
CHEMBL1503158
CHEBI:192304
Tox21_200282
AKOS000200376
NCGC00091673-01
NCGC00091673-02
NCGC00257836-01
CAS-110-59-8
DB-040932
NS00006512
V0008
EN300-27280
A802223
Q27293542
F0001-0220
Pentanenitrile; Valproic Acid Imp. H (EP); Valeronitrile; Valproic Acid Impurity H
203-781-8