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Phosphine

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Identification
Molecular formula
PH3
CAS number
7803-51-2
IUPAC name
phosphane
State
State

Phosphine is a gas at room temperature, and due to its low boiling point, it remains gaseous under standard atmospheric conditions.

Melting point (Celsius)
-133.80
Melting point (Kelvin)
139.40
Boiling point (Celsius)
-87.70
Boiling point (Kelvin)
185.50
General information
Molecular weight
34.00g/mol
Molar mass
33.9970g/mol
Density
0.0014g/cm3
Appearence

Phosphine is a colorless gas at room temperature. It is known to have a distinctive, unpleasant garlic-like or fishy odor that is detectable in trace amounts.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Phosphane

Phosphane, chemically known as PH3, exhibits interesting properties regarding its solubility. Here are some key points:

  • Solvent Compatibility: Phosphane is slightly soluble in water, a characteristic that is relatively uncommon for neutral hydrocarbons. However, its solubility is limited due to its molecular structure.
  • Organic Solvents: This compound demonstrates much higher solubility in organic solvents, such as ethanol and ether, where it can dissolve readily.
  • Temperature Dependency: Its solubility is also influenced by temperature; as temperatures rise, the solubility in both water and organic solvents generally increases.
  • Gas Form: When in gaseous form, phosphane may be dissolved in certain liquids under high-pressure conditions, demonstrating its potential adaptability.

In conclusion, while phosphane's solubility in water is limited, it shows much more favorable interaction with organic solvents, underscoring the significance of solvent choice in chemical reactions and applications.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts about Phosphane

Phosphane, commonly known as phosphine, is a fascinating chemical compound with diverse applications and unique properties. Here are some engaging insights about this compound:

  • Structure and Properties: Phosphane is characterized by its trigonal pyramidal structure, resembling ammonia, with a central phosphorus atom surrounded by three hydrogen atoms. This similarity extends to its reactivity and industrial uses.
  • Reactivity: Phosphane is known for its reactivity with various substances. It can serve as a reducing agent in chemical reactions, making it valuable in organic synthesis and phosphorous chemistry.
  • Biological Aspect: Although phosphane is a toxic gas, it plays a crucial role in biochemistry. It is produced by certain bacteria and can serve as an indicator of anaerobic bacterial activity, highlighting its importance in environmental studies.
  • Industrial Use: Phosphane is utilized in the production of various chemicals, such as phosphides and pesticides. Its role in the semiconductor industry as a doping agent for silicon also demonstrates its significance in technology.
  • Safety Considerations: Due to its highly toxic nature, phosphane must be handled with caution. Safety protocols are essential to prevent exposure, and researchers rely on proper ventilation and protective equipment when working with this gas.
  • Environmental Impact: Phosphane can contribute to atmospheric reactions that affect air quality. Studying its behavior in the environment is vital for understanding its ecological footprint and developing mitigation strategies.

In conclusion, phosphane is not just a simple compound; it's a gateway into the complex world of chemical interactions, biological implications, and industrial advancements. Its unique properties and potential impact on both health and the environment make it a compound worth studying.

Synonyms
PHOSPHINE
phosphane
Hydrogen phosphide
Phosphorus trihydride
7803-51-2
Phosphorwasserstoff
Fosforowodor
Gas-Ex-B
fosfina
Phosphine (fumigant)
RCRA waste number P096
Phosphoretted hydrogen
ECO2FUME
trihydridophosphorus
fosfano
UN 2199
HSDB 1233
hydrogen phosphine
EINECS 232-260-8
VAPORPHOS
CCRIS 8578
UNII-FW6947296I
CHEBI:30278
TK-GAS
Phosphorus hydride (PH3)
FW6947296I
DTXSID2021157
EC 232-260-8
PH3
Phosphorated hydrogen
(PH3)
[PH3]
hydrogen phosphorus, PH3
fosfinas
Fumi strip
Phosphorous hydride
DTXCID601157
CHEBI:35883
USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 66500
232-260-8
phosphine (acgih:osha)
Phosphorus hydride
Trihydrogen phosphide
Phosphene
Fosforowodor [Polish]
Phosphorwasserstoff [German]
UN2199
RCRA waste no. P096
Phosphorus Standard: P @ 1000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3
Phosphorus Standard: P @ 10000 microg/mL in 5% HNO3
fosforo
phosphore
Phosphor
Sulfur-Free Phosphorus Concentrate: P @ approx. 11 wt% in Hydrocarbons
15P
Phosphorus, red, CP
PHOSPHINE [MI]
PHOSPHINE [HSDB]
PHOSPHINE (PH3)
Red phosphorus masterbatch
Phosphorus, red, puriss.
Microencapsulated red phosphorus
Phosphorus, red, >=97.0%
CHEMBL2227836
CHEBI:28659
DTXSID80160257
FVZVCSNXTFCBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
MFCD00011435
AKOS004909650
Phosphine [UN2199] [Poison gas]
Black Phosphorus, Crystal, 99.995%
DB14151
Whitened red phosphorus flame retardant
PD085622
NS00075382
NS00075401
Phosphine, electronic grade, >=99.9995%
Phosphorus, red, >=99.99% trace metals basis
Phosphorus, red, powder, 99% trace metals basis
Q207877
Phosphorus - P @ 1000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
Phosphorus - P @ 5000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
Phosphorus, red, lumps, 99.999% trace metals basis
Q27110342
Q27110349
Q60998683
P 3000: P @ 3000 mg/Kg in 30 cSt Oil (VISC30)
Phosphorus Standard: P @ 1000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
Phosphorus Standard: P @ 5000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
Phosphorus Standard: P @ 3000 microg/g in 75cSt Mineral Oil
Sulfur-Free Phosphorus Standard: P @ 1000 microg/g in Hydrocarbon Oil
Phosphorus Standard: P @ 1 wt% (10,000microg/g) in 75 cSt Hydrocarbon Oil
Sulfur-Free Phosphorus Standard: P @ 10 wt% (100000 microg/g) in 75 cSt Hydrocarbon Oil
Sulfur-Free Phosphorus Standard: P @ 5 wt% (50000 microg/g) in 75 cSt Hydrocarbon Oil