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Plutonium

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Identification
Molecular formula
Pu
CAS number
7440-07-5
IUPAC name
plutonium
State
State
Plutonium is a metallic solid at room temperature.
Melting point (Celsius)
639.40
Melting point (Kelvin)
912.50
Boiling point (Celsius)
3 228.00
Boiling point (Kelvin)
3 501.00
General information
Molecular weight
244.00g/mol
Molar mass
244.0000g/mol
Density
19.8160g/cm3
Appearence

Plutonium appears as a silvery-gray metal that tarnishes and forms a dull coating when exposed to air. It also exhibits six different crystalline phases at different temperatures and pressures, making its appearance vary slightly based on its phase.

Comment on solubility

Solubility of Plutonium Compounds

Plutonium, denoted by the chemical symbol Pu, is a highly radioactive actinide metal that exhibits complex solubility behavior depending on its oxidation state and the environmental conditions.

Factors Influencing Solubility

The solubility of plutonium can be influenced by several key factors:

  • Oxidation States: Plutonium exists in multiple oxidation states (most notably +3, +4, +5, and +6), which significantly affect its solubility in aqueous solutions. For instance, Pu(IV) is generally less soluble than Pu(VI).
  • pH Levels: The solubility of plutonium can vary considerably across different pH levels, with Pu(IV) becoming more soluble in acidic conditions compared to neutral or alkaline environments.
  • Presence of Complexing Agents: Certain ligands or complexing agents, such as citric acid or organic phosphates, can enhance the solubility of plutonium by forming soluble complexes.

Practical Implications

Understanding the solubility of plutonium is crucial for several reasons:

  • Environmental Impact: The solubility will determine how plutonium may migrate in the environment and affect soil and water contamination.
  • Storage and Waste Management: Higher solubility can complicate nuclear waste disposal strategies, as soluble forms are more likely to leach from storage containers.
  • Recycling and Recovery: In nuclear fuel reprocessing, manipulating solubility is essential for the selective recovery of plutonium.

Overall, the solubility of plutonium compounds is a multifaceted topic, requiring detailed consideration of chemical conditions to ensure safe and effective management of this complex element.

Interesting facts

Interesting Facts About Plutonium

Plutonium is one of the most fascinating elements in the periodic table, known for its crucial role in nuclear chemistry and energy production. Discovered in 1940 by a team of scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, it has since captivated the scientific community and the public alike.

Key Characteristics

  • Radioactive Nature: Plutonium is a highly radioactive element, which means it is unstable and emits radiation as it decays. This property is essential for its use in nuclear reactors and weapons.
  • Multiple Isotopes: Plutonium has several isotopes, with 239Pu and 241Pu being the most significant for both energy generation and military applications. Each isotope possesses unique properties and applications.
  • Strong Neutron Absorber: Due to its ability to absorb neutrons, plutonium is a key component in nuclear reactors, helping to sustain nuclear fission reactions.

Cultural and Scientific Impact

Plutonium's discovery paved the way for the development of nuclear power and weapons, profoundly impacting global politics and energy landscapes. Its association with the Manhattan Project during World War II marks a pivotal moment in history. As Robert Oppenheimer famously reflected, "Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds" upon witnessing the first successful test of a nuclear bomb – highlighting the duality of scientific advancement.

Safety and Handling

Given its radioactivity, handling plutonium requires rigorous safety measures. Scientists emphasize the importance of protective gear and strict containment protocols to minimize exposure and prevent environmental contamination. Its long half-life poses challenges for waste management, requiring innovative solutions to ensure its safe storage for thousands of years.

Astronomical Connection

Interestingly, plutonium is not just confined to Earth; it has been found in trace amounts in certain types of stars and is produced in supernovae, linking it to the cosmic environment.

In summary, plutonium is not only a remarkable element with diverse applications but also a symbol of the complex relationship humanity has with nuclear technology. Its story is one of both scientific triumph and caution, reminding us of the responsibilities inherent in advancements. As we delve deeper into the wonders of chemistry, the legacy of plutonium continues to inspire and provoke thought.

Synonyms
PLUTONIUM
7440-07-5
plutonium atom
PLUTONIUM [MI]
PLUTONIUM [IARC]
EINECS 231-117-7
53023GN24M
DTXSID4064682
CHEBI:33388
PLUTONIUM (IARC)
Plutonium, ion
Plutonium and compounds
DTXCID2047646
(9)4Pu
231-117-7
Pu
Plutonium, ion(4+)
Plutonium, ion(Pu3 )
Plutonium, ion(Pu5 )
Plutonium, Ion(Pu6 )
plutonio
Plutonium Ion
HSDB 6465
Plutonium, radioactive
Pu C2
94Pu
UNII-53023GN24M
OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
NS00081851
Q1102
C19159
D011005000
4PU